एफएमजेड के साथ आसान परिचय एथेरियम आधारित वेब 3 विकास
लेखक:आविष्कारक मात्रा - छोटे सपने, बनाया गयाः 2023-03-28 13:32:48, अद्यतनः 2024-11-11 22:28:24":true,
// WETH合约地址
var wethAddress = "0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2"
// 注册WETH合约的ABI
exchange.IO("abi", wethAddress, abiWETH)
// 当前配置的交易所对象的钱包地址
var walletAddress = exchange.IO("address")
// 编码WETH合约的deposit方法调用
var calldataForDeposit = exchange.IO("encode", wethAddress, "deposit")
Log("calldataForDeposit:", "0x" + calldataForDeposit)
// 获取nonce
var nonce = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_getTransactionCount", walletAddress, "pending")
// 获取gasPrice
var gasPrice = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_gasPrice")
// 调用deposit方法把ETH换为WETH，需要转账ETH，这里把0.01ETH转换为以wei为单位的十六进制数值
var innerAmount = BigInt(Number(toInnerAmount(0.005, 18))).toString(16)
// The transaction call object:
var obj = {
"from" : walletAddress,
"to" : wethAddress,
"gasPrice" : gasPrice,
"value" : "0x" + innerAmount,
"data" : "0x" + calldataForDeposit,
}
// 计算gasLimit
var gasLimit = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_estimateGas", obj)
// 构造交易
var transaction = {
"to": wethAddress,
"value": toAmount("0x" + innerAmount, 0), // 转换为10进制
"data": "0x" + calldataForDeposit,
"gasLimit": toAmount(gasLimit, 0), // 转换为10进制
"gasPrice": toAmount(gasPrice, 0), // 转换为10进制
"nonce": toAmount(nonce, 0), // 转换为10进制
"chainId": 1, // 以太坊主网Id
}
Log("transaction:", transaction)
// 签名，your key 替换为你的私钥
var signedTx = Encode("signTx", "string", "hex", JSON.stringify(transaction), "hex", "0x" + "your key")
Log("signedTx:", "0x" + signedTx)
// 调用eth_sendRawTransaction发送交易
var ret = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_sendRawTransaction", "0x" + signedTx)
return ret
}
调试工具中运行：
```run
2023-06-15 09:58:50 信息 signedTx: 0xf86f4f8504202067888...
2023-06-15 09:58:50 信息 transaction: {"to":"0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2","value":5000000000000000,"data":"0xd0e30db0","gasLimit":27938,"gasPrice":17718863752,"nonce":79,"chainId":1}
2023-06-15 09:58:50 信息 calldataForDeposit: 0xd0e30db0
निष्पादितvar ret = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_sendRawTransaction", "0x" + signedTx)फ़ंक्शन, जो ट्रांसेक्शन हैश को लौटाता हैः0x2ff585504b0fe59b0122f696e8808abfe2f3ce263448066533f3bb8a4f55e8e6❖ यहeth_sendRawTransactioncalldata, WETH अनुबंध पर कॉल करने के लिएdepositविधि 0.005 ETH को WETH में परिवर्तित करती है।
मेम्पोल को सुनें
Ethereum पर उपयोगकर्ताओं के लेनदेन को Ethereum ब्लॉकचेन में खनिकों द्वारा पैक किए जाने से पहले, सभी एक्सचेंजों को एक साथ रखा गया था।Mempool(ट्रांजेक्शन मेमोरी पूल) में, एल्यूमीनियम खनिकों की पिंजरे भी खनन लाभ को अधिकतम करने के लिए उच्च लागत वाले सौदों को प्राथमिकता में पैक करने की तलाश में हैं। इसलिए, सामान्य रूप से व्यापार की जाने वाली गैस की कीमतें जितनी अधिक होती हैं, उतनी ही अधिक पैक की जाती हैं।
कुछ लेन-देन स्क्रिप्ट भी सही हैं।Mempoolकुछ लाभदायक लेनदेन खोजने की उम्मीद में स्निपिंग करना। उदाहरण के लिए, यदि एक लेनदेन में बहुत अधिक स्वैप स्लिप सेट किया गया है, तो लेनदेन को उन लेनदेन स्क्रिप्टों द्वारा किया जा सकता है। तो वे कैसे जासूसी करते हैं?Mempoolअंदरpending(अनिवार्य, पैक करने के लिए) सौदा?
REST प्रोटोकॉल का उपयोग करके निगरानी
हम पहले सीखे गए आरपीसी तरीकों का उपयोग करते हैंःeth_getBlockByNumberइस बार हम कुछ खास नहीं बताएंगे।blockNumberहम उपयोग करते हैं"pending"टैग किया गया थाः
function main() {
var data = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_getBlockByNumber", "pending", true)
if (Array.isArray(data.transactions)) {
for (var i = 0; i < data.transactions.length; i++) {
Log(data.transactions[i])
}
}
}
डिबगिंग टूल में चल रहा हैः
2023-06-18 19:23:05 信息 {"blockNumber":"0x10b2027","type":"0x2","accessList":[],"blockHash":"0xf833ed36435c53d63bd7109bb1e85383075534410c14573881bf26d912f46a89","from":"0xd50521974d62f1fa34b8e81cb742ccf6147d05ff","gasPrice":"0x32ea2db37","hash":"0xf8f10f8f473c340b021298feb48d0affe529e8737a309c4cc1902e8989ef0914","input":"0xa22cb4650000000000000000000000001e0049783f008a0085193e00003d00cd54003c710000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001","v":"0x0","value":"0x0","maxFeePerGas":"0x48a413364","maxPriorityFeePerGas":"0x5f5e100","nonce":"0x8","r":"0x8c1cc36f43b02c9e9e454153588cc9d38757f1da69ec49d3cfdda74ab69e06a8","s":"0x2f3dd3e5ddf9e5d42c128a8e900026aca7568fa83c68cf332e1328066ee8d03a","transactionIndex":"0x3a","chainId":"0x1","gas":"0x1142d","to":"0x8c3c0274c33f263f0a55d129cfc8eaa3667a9e8b"}
2023-06-18 19:23:05 信息 {"input":"0x646174613a2c7b2270223a226572632d3230222c226f70223a226d696e74222c227469636b223a2265746873222c226964223a223139323732222c22616d74223a2231303030227d","nonce":"0x1d","blockHash":"0xf833ed36435c53d63bd7109bb1e85383075534410c14573881bf26d912f46a89","from":"0xe7fa86855af674837cea1b58f88b5352543ca27b","gas":"0x81cc","gasPrice":"0x32ea2db37","to":"0xe7fa86855af674837cea1b58f88b5352543ca27b","chainId":"0x1","transactionIndex":"0x39","type":"0x2","value":"0x0","accessList":[],"blockNumber":"0x10b2027","hash":"0x55702f5d14736fc9d0c58fdac2d2052a602db171c46b5e1fa9ff6af5c277f9a2","maxFeePerGas":"0x48a413364","maxPriorityFeePerGas":"0x5f5e100","r":"0x5a703d389d23b51adf8ef0f55db8876e7392636797b68a4be6afe73e76d7e1f2","s":"0x4b4bb11257c4434a0acc2672357f8793476e4bfdf98bc30d2389ce335e7de64e","v":"0x1"}
2023-06-18 19:23:05 信息 {"gas":"0x186a0","nonce":"0x46533","r":"0xfeea052a4ac2283ca058a657a806ba0916d8e7d52d2a577f150c40eb1dfbec65","s":"0x5bf0089a3c060ba787b67a205b44e1065a0d11d132b41737ab9adf0f55066811","transactionIndex":"0x38","value":"0x78f0975742c400","blockHash":"0xf833ed36435c53d63bd7109bb1e85383075534410c14573881bf26d912f46a89","chainId":"0x1","hash":"0x56bdf1b38e23db66e8d1c4014d1e9f690a9217d8a0232489210325fc69e25cf9","v":"0x25","input":"0x","type":"0x0","blockNumber":"0x10b2027","gasPrice":"0x4a817c800","from":"0x97b9d2102a9a65a26e1ee82d59e42d1b73b68689","to":"0xcb513e99c020e9d15a6eafef873fef5d9f078221"}
...
एक आंकड़ा निकालेंः
{
"blockNumber": "0x10b2027",
"type": "0x2",
"accessList": [],
"blockHash": "0xf833ed36435c53d63bd7109bb1e85383075534410c14573881bf26d912f46a89",
"from": "0xd50521974d62f1fa34b8e81cb742ccf6147d05ff",
"gasPrice": "0x32ea2db37",
"hash": "0xf8f10f8f473c340b021298feb48d0affe529e8737a309c4cc1902e8989ef0914",
"input": "0xa22cb4650000000000000000000000001e0049783f008a0085193e00003d00cd54003c710000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000001",
"v": "0x0",
"value": "0x0",
"maxFeePerGas": "0x48a413364",
"maxPriorityFeePerGas": "0x5f5e100",
"nonce": "0x8",
"r": "0x8c1cc36f43b02c9e9e454153588cc9d38757f1da69ec49d3cfdda74ab69e06a8",
"s": "0x2f3dd3e5ddf9e5d42c128a8e900026aca7568fa83c68cf332e1328066ee8d03a",
"transactionIndex": "0x3a",
"chainId": "0x1",
"gas": "0x1142d",
"to": "0x8c3c0274c33f263f0a55d129cfc8eaa3667a9e8b"
}
वेबसॉकेट प्रोटोकॉल का उपयोग करके निगरानी
आविष्कारकों के लिए, हम एक क्वांटिफाइड ट्रेडिंग प्लेटफॉर्म का उपयोग करते हैं।Dialफ़ंक्शन बनाने के लिएWebSocketकनेक्ट करें और देखेंFMZ APIदस्तावेजों का पता लगाएंDialफ़ंक्शन ।
इस अध्याय का परीक्षण कोड एथेरियम नेटवर्किंग वातावरण में चल रहा है, क्योंकि वेबसॉकेट प्रोटोकॉल का उपयोग करके संचार करना, आविष्कारकों का उपयोग करके क्वांटिफाइड डिस्क परीक्षण करना आसान है। वेबसॉकेट प्रोटोकॉल के लिए सदस्यता संदेश हैः
{"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "eth_subscribe", "params": ["newPendingTransactions"]}
सिवायnewPendingTransactionsआप भी subscribe कर सकते हैंnewHeads、logs。
प्राप्त कियाWebSocketयह एक बहुत ही दिलचस्प लेख है।
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"method": "eth_subscription",
"params": {
"subscription": "0x2c5c087b4aa188e008f4747828ef4e61",
"result": "0x69c4251cecb814e17cfe7a5ee41742a616f9a4d1bbf245c49b186b1006fd14d3"
}
}
और फिर उनमें से एक के आधार परः"result": "0x69c4251cecb814e17cfe7a5ee41742a616f9a4d1bbf245c49b186b1006fd14d3", आगे पूछताछtransaction...transactionहम एथेरियम आरपीसी का उपयोग करते हैं।eth_getTransactionByHashयह एक सवाल है।
var ws = null
function main () {
// {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "eth_subscribe", "params": ["xxxxx"]} , "xxxxx" 是订阅的具体消息
var payload = {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "eth_subscribe", "params": ["newPendingTransactions"]}
// wss://mainnet.infura.io/ws/v3/xxxxx , "xxxxx" 是你的infura key
var infuraKey = "your key"
ws = Dial("wss://mainnet.infura.io/ws/v3/" + infuraKey + "|reconnect=true&payload=" + JSON.stringify(payload))
if (!ws) {
throw "websocket链接infura失败！"
}
// eth_getTransactionByHash 调用计数
var getTransactionCounter = 0
var beginTS = new Date().getTime()
// 循环获取消息
while (true) {
// 接收推送的消息
var data = ws.read()
if (data) {
var ts = new Date().getTime()
if (ts - beginTS >= 1000) {
getTransactionCounter = 0
beginTS = ts
}
// 根据txHash查询交易详情
if (ts - beginTS < 1000 && getTransactionCounter >= 100) {
Sleep(1000)
getTransactionCounter = 0
beginTS = ts
}
var obj = JSON.parse(data)
if (obj["params"] && obj["params"]["result"]) {
var transcationInfo = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_getTransactionByHash", obj["params"]["result"])
Log(obj["params"]["result"], "transcationInfo:", transcationInfo)
}
getTransactionCounter++
}
LogStatus(_D())
}
}
function onexit() {
Log("断开WS连接")
ws.close()
}
एक वेबसॉकेट कनेक्शन के लिए डेटा प्राप्त करने के लिए ड्राइव पर चलाने के लिए कोड बनाने के लिए, और डेटा एक निरंतर पुश पर है, हम एक निकालनेtransaction：
{
"maxPriorityFeePerGas": "0x5f5e100",
"nonce": "0x1a9",
"accessList": [],
"blockNumber": "0x10b1c9f",
"from": "0x5888700be02f52c8adf85890886ef84a6b8a7829",
"blockHash": "0x92c3d77ea218cdc0967ab74b6005bb393b92355047f206c7e2d59d41828e7fa9",
"chainId": "0x1",
"gasPrice": "0x34fdbf43d",
"s": "0x7d86ae29a786a61b9e74a7a9e2cc4b39b7913aa3d4c3816ccb07528fed82048a",
"to": "0xfc2068c3d47b575a60f6a4a7bf60dea0ac368e01",
"type": "0x2",
"v": "0x1",
"value": "0x0",
"gas": "0x1aad3",
"hash": "0x2c77c0704aefbb26db460cbb71efdb488df968ad53d2c2b3f1e1172056b40b22",
"input": "0x42842e0e0000000000000000000000005888700be02f52c8adf85890886ef84a6b8a7829000000000000000000000000d2d07e4d1bb0f40ac3e4aa7cc3ad05d348bfd2c3000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000180b",
"maxFeePerGas": "0x4712d1273",
"r": "0x8ec58f95f6d9729a6eee075e6976658b6c5346cbc90eb68ac361a40af073b10e",
"transactionIndex": "0xc1"
}
इस लेख में, हम आपको कुछ महत्वपूर्ण तथ्यों के बारे में बताएंगे।
2023-06-18 16:20:07 信息 断开WS连接
2023-06-18 16:20:07 信息 0xba07ca903f9eafbfa7d494bb26197713034b9ca2dd3c19bc0898af3f35b59343 transcationInfo: {"accessList":[],"from":"0xe2977d60182da068dfd78693f96362ee7a2e9644","nonce":"0xf","value":"0x0","blockHash":"0x92c3d77ea218cdc0967ab74b6005bb393b92355047f206c7e2d59d41828e7fa9","blockNumber":"0x10b1c9f","chainId":"0x1","hash":"0xba07ca903f9eafbfa7d494bb26197713034b9ca2dd3c19bc0898af3f35b59343","maxFeePerGas":"0x530c30b70","r":"0xf28bfdf372a5401a2e00675c6ebe8d5e73f2c955db44b1aa56240b9197d6cbc7","type":"0x2","v":"0x0","gas":"0x21079","gasPrice":"0x367b3783d","input":"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","maxPriorityFeePerGas":"0x1dcd6500","s":"0x71d51246bb60e792f963a3c75c46fd8f557921ce6face7224c944e1768a76ca","to":"0x0b51eb9d0e54c562fedc07ceba453f05b70c4b79","transactionIndex":"0x40"}
2023-06-18 16:20:07 信息 0x2c77c0704aefbb26db460cbb71efdb488df968ad53d2c2b3f1e1172056b40b22 transcationInfo: {"maxPriorityFeePerGas":"0x5f5e100","nonce":"0x1a9","accessList":[],"blockNumber":"0x10b1c9f","from":"0x5888700be02f52c8adf85890886ef84a6b8a7829","blockHash":"0x92c3d77ea218cdc0967ab74b6005bb393b92355047f206c7e2d59d41828e7fa9","chainId":"0x1","gasPrice":"0x34fdbf43d","s":"0x7d86ae29a786a61b9e74a7a9e2cc4b39b7913aa3d4c3816ccb07528fed82048a","to":"0xfc2068c3d47b575a60f6a4a7bf60dea0ac368e01","type":"0x2","v":"0x1","value":"0x0","gas":"0x1aad3","hash":"0x2c77c0704aefbb26db460cbb71efdb488df968ad53d2c2b3f1e1172056b40b22","input":"0x42842e0e0000000000000000000000005888700be02f52c8adf85890886ef84a6b8a7829000000000000000000000000d2d07e4d1bb0f40ac3e4aa7cc3ad05d348bfd2c3000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000180b","maxFeePerGas":"0x4712d1273","r":"0x8ec58f95f6d9729a6eee075e6976658b6c5346cbc90eb68ac361a40af073b10e","transactionIndex":"0xc1"}
2023-06-18 16:20:07 信息 0xbc42d5db10e5cb2e888c76005c522cb2474a0c0a7325feb867b618f69ff26f2a transcationInfo: {"accessList":[],"blockNumber":"0x10b1c9f","gas":"0x1cc12b","hash":"0xbc42d5db10e5cb2e888c76005c522cb2474a0c0a7325feb867b618f69ff26f2a","maxFeePerGas":"0x6ab262e5c","value":"0x0","v":"0x1","chainId":"0x1","from":"0xc1b634853cb333d3ad8663715b08f41a3aec47cc","input":"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
2023-06-18 16:20:06 信息 0xff0945c3d682a37e18ee433d56c8bedbb93d9ac368af968ed8d53b655575e8e5 transcationInfo: {"gas":"0x5208","s":"0x63572e1fa060841b939cea0849154e55781fe0efcbdfe5ce6979b44ce0980e4a","transactionIndex":"0xa7","value":"0x113e9d515e400","blockHash":"0x92c3d77ea218cdc0967ab74b6005bb393b92355047f206c7e2d59d41828e7fa9","hash":"0xff0945c3d682a37e18ee433d56c8bedbb93d9ac368af968ed8d53b655575e8e5","nonce":"0x2","r":"0x698fe26331ad39ba89c4d30985b707792ea4ab09b25205727f8fac2a6120b54a","gasPrice":"0x35458af00","from":"0x228d93af92d03184c07aa9e39b3d2d61b666686d","input":"0x","to":"0x0246177b98a5e42835cdcfaac1c274d3e6c39486","v":"0x26","blockNumber":"0x10b1c9f","type":"0x0","chainId":"0x1"}
...
लेनदेन का विवरण
पिछले पाठ में हमने एक मॉनिटर लिखा था जो एथेरियम पर अनिर्णित लेनदेन की निगरानी करता है, वेबसॉकेट प्रोटोकॉल के माध्यम से भेजे गए लेनदेन के हैश को प्राप्त करता है, और फिर लेनदेन के हैश के आधार पर विशिष्ट लेनदेन के विवरण का पता लगाता है।
अब हम लेनदेन के विवरण के बारे में बात करेंगे।inputफ़ील्ड डेटा को और अधिक विश्लेषण के लिए।inputफ़ील्ड डेटा एक अव्यवस्थित सोलह अंकों का डेटा प्रतीत होता है, जो वास्तव में लेनदेन की सामग्री को एन्कोड करता हैः कॉल किए जाने वाले फ़ंक्शन, इनपुट किए गए पैरामीटर आदि।
कई बार परीक्षणों के बाद यह पता चला है कि वेबसॉकेट कनेक्शन द्वारा पुश किए गए डेटा की समयबद्धता, संख्या और वर्तमान में उपयोग किए जा रहे आरपीसी नोड्स के बीच एक बड़ा संबंध है। दो अलग-अलग आरपीसी नोड सेवाएं (जैसे इन्फ्यूरा, एल्केमी) एक साथ वेबसॉकेट कनेक्शन बनाते हैं, और प्राप्त किए गए पुश किए गए डेटा बिल्कुल समान नहीं हैं। वर्तमान परिदृश्य में बड़ी संख्या में अनुरोध उत्पन्न होने के कारण, अपेक्षाकृत स्थिर, तेज़ आरपीसी सेवा का उपयोग करना आवश्यक है। वेबसॉकेट कनेक्शन भी बहुत सारे लेनदेन हैश को पुश करता है जो लंबे समय से लंबित हैं, जब उपयोग किया जाता है।eth_getTransactionByHash去查询时往往得到一个空值（在FMZ上测试、node.js测试）。
हम इस बार इस्तेमाल करते हैंalchemyRPC के नोड्सःwss://eth-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/oKmOQKbneVkxgHZfibs-iFhIlIAl6HDNइस नोड का मतलब है कि यह वेबसॉकेट प्रोटोकॉल का समर्थन करता है और REST प्रोटोकॉल का भी समर्थन करता है।
हम Uniswap विकेंद्रीकृत एक्सचेंज के लिए स्मार्ट अनुबंध के मार्ग पर नजर रखते हैंmulticall(uint256,bytes[])विधि है, तो पहले हम इस विधि के लिए फ़ंक्शन हस्ताक्षर हैश गणना करने की जरूरत है.
// 取完整哈希值的前8个字符
// multicall: 0x5ae401dc
var sigHash = "0x" + Encode("keccak256", "string", "hex", "multicall(uint256,bytes[])").slice(0, 8)
पिछले अध्याय के उदाहरणों के आधार पर, हमने कुछ बदलाव किए हैं.var data = ws.read(-2)यह एक बहुत ही महत्वपूर्ण और महत्वपूर्ण जानकारी है।read()फ़ंक्शन पैरामीटर को -2 पर सेट किया गया है जो तुरंत नवीनतम डेटा लौटाता है. हम केवल शामिल करने के बारे में चिंतित हैं.multicallबुलायाTransaction, उपयोगif (tx && tx.input.indexOf(sigHash) !== -1)फ़िल्टर का न्याय करना।
यह दो कस्टम फ़ंक्शंस को डिज़ाइन करने के लिए आवश्यक हैः
calcAllFuncSigHash(): ABI आधारित सभी गणना विधियों के लिए हस्ताक्षर हैश ।decodeCall(): डिकोड फ़ंक्शन ।
यह पता लगाने के लिएmulticallजब आप कॉल करते हैं, तो आप पहली बार डिकोड करना शुरू कर सकते हैं।multicallविधि के पैरामीटरःdeadlineऔरdata。deadlineयह एक समय की बात है, जिसे हम बेहतर तरीके से समझ सकते हैं।dataऔर यह एक कोडित कॉलडाटा है, इसलिए इसका उपयोग जारी रखना आवश्यक है।decodeCall()फ़ंक्शन को डिकोड करें.
एक पूर्ण कार्यान्वयन उदाहरणः
var ws = null
var arrLog = []
const ABI_Route = '[{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"_factoryV2","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"factoryV3","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"_positionManager","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"_WETH9","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"constructor"},{"inputs":[],"name":"WETH9","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"}],"name":"approveMax","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"}],"name":"approveMaxMinusOne","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"}],"name":"approveZeroThenMax","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"}],"name":"approveZeroThenMaxMinusOne","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"callPositionManager","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"result","type":"bytes"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"paths","type":"bytes[]"},{"internalType":"uint128[]","name":"amounts","type":"uint128[]"},{"internalType":"uint24","name":"maximumTickDivergence","type":"uint24"},{"internalType":"uint32","name":"secondsAgo","type":"uint32"}],"name":"checkOracleSlippage","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"path","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"uint24","name":"maximumTickDivergence","type":"uint24"},{"internalType":"uint32","name":"secondsAgo","type":"uint32"}],"name":"checkOracleSlippage","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"path","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountIn","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOutMinimum","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct IV3SwapRouter.ExactInputParams","name":"params","type":"tuple"}],"name":"exactInput","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOut","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"tokenIn","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"tokenOut","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint24","name":"fee","type":"uint24"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountIn","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOutMinimum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint160","name":"sqrtPriceLimitX96","type":"uint160"}],"internalType":"struct IV3SwapRouter.ExactInputSingleParams","name":"params","type":"tuple"}],"name":"exactInputSingle","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOut","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"path","type":"bytes"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOut","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountInMaximum","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct IV3SwapRouter.ExactOutputParams","name":"params","type":"tuple"}],"name":"exactOutput","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountIn","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"tokenIn","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"tokenOut","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint24","name":"fee","type":"uint24"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOut","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountInMaximum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint160","name":"sqrtPriceLimitX96","type":"uint160"}],"internalType":"struct IV3SwapRouter.ExactOutputSingleParams","name":"params","type":"tuple"}],"name":"exactOutputSingle","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountIn","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"factory","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"factoryV2","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount","type":"uint256"}],"name":"getApprovalType","outputs":[{"internalType":"enum IApproveAndCall.ApprovalType","name":"","type":"uint8"}],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token0","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"token1","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"tokenId","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount0Min","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount1Min","type":"uint256"}],"internalType":"struct IApproveAndCall.IncreaseLiquidityParams","name":"params","type":"tuple"}],"name":"increaseLiquidity","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"result","type":"bytes"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"components":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token0","type":"address"},{"internalType":"address","name":"token1","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint24","name":"fee","type":"uint24"},{"internalType":"int24","name":"tickLower","type":"int24"},{"internalType":"int24","name":"tickUpper","type":"int24"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount0Min","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amount1Min","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"}],"internalType":"struct IApproveAndCall.MintParams","name":"params","type":"tuple"}],"name":"mint","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes","name":"result","type":"bytes"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"previousBlockhash","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"data","type":"bytes[]"}],"name":"multicall","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"","type":"bytes[]"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"data","type":"bytes[]"}],"name":"multicall","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"","type":"bytes[]"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"data","type":"bytes[]"}],"name":"multicall","outputs":[{"internalType":"bytes[]","name":"results","type":"bytes[]"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"positionManager","outputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"","type":"address"}],"stateMutability":"view","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"pull","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[],"name":"refundETH","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"v","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"r","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"s","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"selfPermit","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"nonce","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"expiry","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"v","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"r","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"s","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"selfPermitAllowed","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"nonce","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"expiry","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"v","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"r","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"s","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"selfPermitAllowedIfNecessary","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"deadline","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint8","name":"v","type":"uint8"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"r","type":"bytes32"},{"internalType":"bytes32","name":"s","type":"bytes32"}],"name":"selfPermitIfNecessary","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountIn","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOutMin","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address[]","name":"path","type":"address[]"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"}],"name":"swapExactTokensForTokens","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOut","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountOut","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountInMax","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address[]","name":"path","type":"address[]"},{"internalType":"address","name":"to","type":"address"}],"name":"swapTokensForExactTokens","outputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountIn","type":"uint256"}],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"}],"name":"sweepToken","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"}],"name":"sweepToken","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"feeBips","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"feeRecipient","type":"address"}],"name":"sweepTokenWithFee","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"address","name":"token","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"feeBips","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"feeRecipient","type":"address"}],"name":"sweepTokenWithFee","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"int256","name":"amount0Delta","type":"int256"},{"internalType":"int256","name":"amount1Delta","type":"int256"},{"internalType":"bytes","name":"_data","type":"bytes"}],"name":"uniswapV3SwapCallback","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"nonpayable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"}],"name":"unwrapWETH9","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"}],"name":"unwrapWETH9","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"recipient","type":"address"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"feeBips","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"feeRecipient","type":"address"}],"name":"unwrapWETH9WithFee","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"amountMinimum","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"uint256","name":"feeBips","type":"uint256"},{"internalType":"address","name":"feeRecipient","type":"address"}],"name":"unwrapWETH9WithFee","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"inputs":[{"internalType":"uint256","name":"value","type":"uint256"}],"name":"wrapETH","outputs":[],"stateMutability":"payable","type":"function"},{"stateMutability":"payable","type":"receive"}]'
function calcAllFuncSigHash(jsonABI) {
var mapSigHash = {}
for (var i in jsonABI) {
var ele = jsonABI[i]
if (typeof(ele["name"]) != "undefined") {
if (ele["inputs"]) {
var funcName = ele["name"]
if (ele["inputs"].length == 0) {
var methodId = "0x" + Encode("keccak256", "string", "hex", funcName + "()").slice(0, 8)
mapSigHash[methodId] = {"argsTypeList": [], "argsNameList": [], "funcName": funcName}
} else {
var arr = []
var arrName = []
var argPrototype = []
for (var j in ele["inputs"]) {
var inputType = ele["inputs"][j]["type"]
if (inputType == "tuple") {
var components = ele["inputs"][j]["components"]
var tupleType = []
var protoType = []
for (var componentsIdx = 0; componentsIdx < components.length; componentsIdx++) {
tupleType.push(components[componentsIdx]["type"])
protoType.push(components[componentsIdx]["name"] + " " + components[componentsIdx]["type"])
}
arr.push("(" + tupleType.join() + ")")
arrName.push(ele["inputs"][j]["name"])
// 原型
argPrototype.push("tuple" + "(" + protoType.join() + ")")
} else {
arr.push(inputType)
arrName.push(ele["inputs"][j]["name"])
// 原型
argPrototype.push(inputType)
}
}
var functionSignature = funcName + "(" + arr.join() + ")"
var methodId = "0x" + Encode("keccak256", "string", "hex", functionSignature).slice(0, 8)
mapSigHash[methodId] = {"argsTypeList": arr, "argsNameList": arrName, "funcName": funcName, "argPrototype": argPrototype}
}
}
}
}
return mapSigHash
}
function decodeCall(input, abi) {
var mapSigHash = calcAllFuncSigHash(JSON.parse(abi))
var methodId = input.slice(0, 10)
var data = input.slice(10)
var decodedArgs = {}
var infoMethod = mapSigHash[methodId]
if (typeof(infoMethod) == "undefined") {
return [methodId, mapSigHash]
}
var arr = []
for (var i = 0; i < infoMethod["argsTypeList"].length; i++) {
if (infoMethod["argsTypeList"][i].startsWith("(")) {
arr.push(infoMethod["argPrototype"][i])
} else {
arr.push(infoMethod["argsTypeList"][i])
}
}
if (arr.length == 0) {
return {"funcName": infoMethod["funcName"], "args": decodedArgs}
}
var args = exchange.IO("decode", arr.join(), data)
if (!Array.isArray(args)) {
args = [args]
}
if (args.length != infoMethod["argsNameList"].length) {
Log("args:", args)
Log("infoMethod:", infoMethod)
throw "解码后的args与argsNameList不等"
}
for (var i = 0; i < infoMethod["argsNameList"].length; i++) {
var key = infoMethod["argsNameList"][i]
var value = args[i]
decodedArgs[key] = value
}
return {"funcName": infoMethod["funcName"], "args": decodedArgs}
}
function main () {
// {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "eth_subscribe", "params": ["xxxxx"]} , "xxxxx" 是订阅的具体消息
var payload = {"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id": 1, "method": "eth_subscribe", "params": ["newPendingTransactions"]}
// 使用alchemy服务
ws = Dial("wss://eth-mainnet.g.alchemy.com/v2/oKmOQKbneVkxgHZfibs-iFhIlIAl6HDN" + "|reconnect=true&payload=" + JSON.stringify(payload))
if (!ws) {
throw "websocket链接alchemy失败！"
}
// eth_getTransactionByHash 调用计数
var getTransactionCounter = 0
// 起始时间戳
var beginTS = new Date().getTime()
// 计算函数签名哈希
var sigHash = "0x" + Encode("keccak256", "string", "hex", "multicall(uint256,bytes[])").slice(0, 8)
Log("sigHash:", sigHash)
// 循环获取消息
while (true) {
var msg = ""
var recv = null
// 接收推送的消息，使用read参数-2，立即返回最新数据
var data = ws.read(-2)
if (data && data != "") {
var ts = new Date().getTime()
if (ts - beginTS >= 1000) {
getTransactionCounter = 0
beginTS = ts
}
// 根据txHash查询交易详情
if (ts - beginTS < 1000 && getTransactionCounter >= 100) {
Sleep(1000)
getTransactionCounter = 0
beginTS = ts
}
var obj = JSON.parse(data)
if (obj["params"] && obj["params"]["result"]) {
var txHash = obj["params"]["result"]
var tx = exchange.IO("api", "eth", "eth_getTransactionByHash", txHash)
if (tx && tx.input.indexOf(sigHash) !== -1) {
// 解码交易详情
arrLog = []
var decodedInput = decodeCall(tx.input, ABI_Route)
// Log("----------------", txHash, "/", decodedInput["funcName"], "----------------", "#FF0000")
arrLog.push("----------------" + txHash + "/" + decodedInput["funcName"] + "----------------" + "#FF0000")
arrLog.push(tx.from + " -> " + tx.to)
for (var i = 0; i < decodedInput["args"]["data"].length; i++) {
var calldata = "0x" + decodedInput["args"]["data"][i]
var decodedCalldata = decodeCall(calldata, ABI_Route)
// Log("----------------", decodedCalldata["funcName"], "----------------", "#FF0000")
arrLog.push("----------------" + decodedCalldata["funcName"] + "----------------" + "#FF0000")
for (var key in decodedCalldata["args"]) {
// Log(key, decodedCalldata["args"][key])
arrLog.push(key + ": " + JSON.stringify(decodedCalldata["args"][key]))
}
}
// 输出日志
for (var logIdx = arrLog.length - 1; logIdx >= 0; logIdx--) {
Log(arrLog[logIdx])
}
}
getTransactionCounter++
}
recv = obj
} else if (data == null) {
msg = "缓冲区队列空了,时间：" + _D()
}
LogStatus(_D(), ", msg:", msg, ", recv:", recv)
}
}
function onexit() {
Log("断开WS连接")
ws.close()
}
function onerror() {
Log("断开WS连接")
ws.close()
for (var logIdx = arrLog.length - 1; logIdx >= 0; logIdx--) {
Log(arrLog[logIdx])
}
}
वास्तविक ड्राइव पर परीक्षण बनाने के लिएः
2023-06-20 17:01:00 信息 ----------------0x5288a7bd6e0f57162ca763df722de73793e542734d7d2b7af5755664e2e67910/multicall----------------
2023-06-20 17:01:00 信息 0x851b594033d57c98af753bcb3a7d0237a615de32 -> 0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c7bd8665fc45
2023-06-20 17:01:00 信息 ----------------exactInputSingle----------------
2023-06-20 17:01:00 信息 params: {"tokenOut":"0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2","fee":"10000","recipient":"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000002","amountIn":"8952087000296027130940868","amountOutMinimum":"41638694112306829","sqrtPriceLimitX96":"0","tokenIn":"0xe1283567345349942acdfad3692924a1b16cf3cc"}
2023-06-20 17:01:00 信息 ----------------unwrapWETH9----------------
2023-06-20 17:01:00 信息 amountMinimum: "41638694112306829"
2023-06-20 17:01:00 信息 recipient: "0x851b594033d57c98af753bcb3a7d0237a615de32"
2023-06-20 16:59:03 信息 ----------------0x55e0c4a38a17d3aa6e8f558a66c77e9defa9f8f6e347536363ac1b921de9aaf3/multicall----------------
2023-06-20 16:59:03 信息 0x27457ada2dd725c7d0f28e1737bdd0bf583c0f0b -> 0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c7bd8665fc45
2023-06-20 16:59:03 信息 ----------------swapExactTokensForTokens----------------
2023-06-20 16:59:03 信息 amountIn: "816769666850161"
2023-06-20 16:59:03 信息 amountOutMin: "40404501509302321"
2023-06-20 16:59:03 信息 path: ["0x7863e06bca47ded821fcb53ab788eeb371243eda","0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2"]
2023-06-20 16:59:03 信息 to: "0x27457ada2dd725c7d0f28e1737bdd0bf583c0f0b"
2023-06-20 16:58:25 信息 sigHash: 0x5ae401dc
स्क्रीनशॉटः
आप देख सकते हैं कि लेनदेन हैश0x5288a7bd6e0f57162ca763df722de73793e542734d7d2b7af5755664e2e67910इस लेनदेन में, इनपुट डेटा डेटा शामिल कॉल एक हैmulticallविधि का आह्वान करना. यह लेनदेन भेजने की दिशा हैः 0x851b594033d57c98af753bcb3a7d0237a615de32 -> 0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c7bd8665fc45.0x68b3465833fb72a70ecdf485e0e4c7bd8665fc45यह Uniswap के लिए एक रूटिंग अनुबंध पता है।
हल कियाmulticallपैकेजिंग ने अनुबंध को बुलायाexactInputSingleऔरunwrapWETH9इस तरह के तरीकों के बारे में और उनके विशिष्ट पैरामीटर के बारे में।
----------------exactInputSingle----------------
params: {
"tokenOut":"0xc02aaa39b223fe8d0a0e5c4f27ead9083c756cc2",
"fee":"10000",
"recipient":"0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000002",
"amountIn":"8952087000296027130940868",
"amountOutMinimum":"41638694112306829",
"sqrtPriceLimitX96":"0",
"tokenIn":"0xe1283567345349942acdfad3692924a1b16cf3cc"
}
----------------unwrapWETH9----------------
amountMinimum: "41638694112306829"
recipient: "0x851b594033d57c98af753bcb3a7d0237a615de32"
इच्छुक छात्र इस उदाहरण के आधार पर अधिक लेनदेन को संशोधित, विस्तारित और निगरानी कर सकते हैं और इन श्रृंखलाओं पर संचालन को हल कर सकते हैं।
अधिक
- एफएमजेड रणनीति संपादक के नए कार्यों का अन्वेषण करें: कैसे चैटजीपीटी आपकी मात्रात्मक उत्पादकता में महत्वपूर्ण सुधार करता है
- एफएमजेड रणनीति संपादक की नई सुविधाओं की खोज करेंः कैसे चैटजीपीटी आपके मात्रात्मक उत्पादकता को काफी बढ़ाता है
- डिजिटल मुद्रा उच्च आवृत्ति रणनीति विस्तृत परिचय
- क्रिप्टोकरेंसी के लिए विस्तृत उच्च आवृत्ति व्यापार रणनीतियों का परिचय