Ini adalah strategi kuantitatif yang mudah yang menggunakan persilangan purata bergerak berganda sebagai isyarat beli dan jual. Ia menggunakan dua garis MA dengan tempoh yang berbeza. Apabila MA jangka pendek melintasi MA jangka panjang dari bawah, isyarat beli dihasilkan. Apabila MA jangka pendek melintasi di bawah MA jangka panjang, isyarat jual dihasilkan.
Strategi ini mengira EMA 8 tempoh dan EMA 72 tempoh harga penutupan dan memetakan mereka pada carta. Apabila 8EMA melintasi 72EMA, isyarat beli dihasilkan. Apabila 8EMA melintasi di bawah 72EMA, isyarat jual dihasilkan.
Asumsi asas strategi ini ialah: MA jangka pendek mewakili trend harga dan momentum baru-baru ini, sementara MA jangka panjang mewakili trend jangka panjang. Apabila MA jangka pendek melintasi MA jangka panjang, ia menunjukkan trend jangka pendek semakin kuat, mendorong harga untuk menembusi MA jangka panjang, jadi kita boleh membeli. Apabila MA jangka pendek melintasi di bawah MA jangka panjang, ia menunjukkan trend menaik jangka pendek telah berakhir, sokongan jangka panjang telah dipecahkan, jadi kita harus mempertimbangkan untuk menjual.
Strategi ini juga menggunakan penunjuk William %R untuk menentukan kawasan overbought dan oversold, dan penunjuk MACD untuk menentukan arah momentum harga sebagai rujukan.
Kelebihan terbesar strategi silang MA berganda adalah bahawa ia mudah dan mudah difahami dan dilaksanakan. Ia boleh menjana isyarat perdagangan hanya berdasarkan silang dua MA, tanpa model yang kompleks dan pengoptimuman parameter.
Satu lagi kelebihan adalah bahawa strategi silang MA berfungsi dengan baik di pasaran tren. Apabila harga saham menunjukkan trend menaik atau menurun yang jelas, strategi silang MA dapat menangkap trend besar dan menghasilkan pulangan yang baik.
Strategi persilangan MA berganda juga mempunyai beberapa risiko yang perlu diperhatikan. Pertama, di pasaran yang bergolak, persilangan garis MA sering berlaku, yang boleh dengan mudah menghasilkan isyarat palsu dan kerugian berantai. Kedua, isyarat persilangan MA sering ketinggalan, dan tidak dapat bertindak balas tepat pada masanya terhadap kesan peristiwa mendadak. Akhirnya, tetapan parameter seperti panjang tempoh MA memerlukan pengalaman untuk menyesuaikan dan menentukan.
Risiko boleh dikurangkan dengan menggabungkan penunjuk lain untuk mengesahkan isyarat, mengoptimumkan parameter MA, atau beroperasi di pasaran trend yang jelas.
Strategi MA berganda yang mudah ini boleh dioptimumkan dalam aspek berikut:
Uji kombinasi parameter tempoh MA yang berbeza untuk mencari parameter yang optimum;
Menambah penunjuk lain untuk penapisan isyarat, seperti MACD, KDJ dan lain-lain untuk menjadikan strategi lebih stabil;
Membina mekanisme keluar dinamik untuk mengesan paras rugi terbaik dan mengambil tahap keuntungan, dan bukannya hanya menggunakan nilai tetap;
Mengambil tempoh MA yang disesuaikan mengikut keadaan pasaran untuk mengoptimumkan parameter;
Menggabungkan pembelajaran mesin maju dan model pembelajaran mendalam untuk ramalan untuk meningkatkan ketepatan isyarat.
Sebagai strategi silang MA berganda yang mudah, walaupun ia mempunyai beberapa masalah kelewatan dan isyarat palsu, ia mudah difahami dan dilaksanakan.
/*backtest start: 2022-12-18 00:00:00 end: 2023-12-24 00:00:00 period: 1d basePeriod: 1h exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}] */ // This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/ // © DalmarSantos //@version=4 //Entry and Exit points to TRADE ==> Pontos de Entrada e Saida de TRADE //Functions in use ==> Funções em uso //(1) DEMA - Double Exponential Moving Average 08/17/34/72 ==> Média Móvel Exponencial Dupla //(2) ema() - Exponential Moving Averge 72/ochl4 ==> Média Móvel Exponencial //(3) plot() //(4) barcolor() //(5) cross() //(6) pivots() //(7) William R% Md //(8) Maximum and Minimum Value //(9) fill() //(10) macd() - Moving Average Convergence Divergence //(11) tsi() - Trading Strenght Indicator==> Índice de Força Real (IFR) //(12) Buy and Sell TRADE Points //(13) Strategy Buy and Sell TRADE Points strategy("[DS]Entry_Exit_TRADE.V01-Strategy", overlay=true) //variable ==> variáveis return = input(title="Return Candels ?", type=input.integer, defval=190) //quantity of candles to analise ==> quantidade de candles para analise // //**************************** //Function==> Função | (1)DEMA //**************************** //Dema 08 e1 = ema(close,8) e2 = ema(e1,8) dema08 = 2 * e1 - e2 // //Dema 17 e1 := ema(close,17) e2 := ema(e1,17) dema17 = 2 * e1 - e2 // //Dema 34 e1 := ema(close,34) e2 := ema(e1,34) dema34 = 2 * e1 - e2 // //Dema 72 e1 := ema(close,72) e2 := ema(e1,72) dema72 = 2 * e1 - e2 // //****************************** //Function==> Função | (2) ema() //****************************** ema72 = ema(close,72) emaOhlc4=ema(ohlc4,8) // //****************************** //Function==> Função | (3)plot() //****************************** // ////Show the avareges ==> Apresenta as médias //plot(dema17, title="DEMA 17", color=color.new(color.lime,0), linewidth=1, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 17 //plot(dema34, title="DEMA 34", color=color.new(color.black,0), linewidth=1, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 34 plot(dema72, title="DEMA 72", color=color.orange, linewidth=2, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 72 plot(emaOhlc4, title="EMA ohlc4", color=emaOhlc4>dema72 ? color.new(color.green,0) : color.new(color.red,0), linewidth=2, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 72 // //*********************************** //Function==> Função | (4) barcolor() //*********************************** //Show color TRADE bar if emaOhlc4>dema72 green (Buy) if not red (Red) ==> Mostra a cor da barra de TRADE se emaOhlc4>dema72 verde (Compra) se não vermelha (Venda) barcolor(close>dema34 and close>dema72 or close>close[1] ? color.new(color.green,0) : color.new(color.red,0), show_last=return) // //******************************** //Function==> Função | (5) cross() //******************************** // Show the intersections crossing average on the graph ==> Apresenta no gráfico o local dos cruzamentos das médias //UP ==> para CIMA plot(crossover(emaOhlc4,dema72) ? dema72 : na, title="Cross UP", color=color.green, transp=0, style=plot.style_circles, linewidth=5, show_last=return) //DOWM ==> para BAIXO plot(crossunder(emaOhlc4,dema72) ? dema72 : na, title="Cross DOWN", color=color.red, transp=50, style=plot.style_circles, linewidth=5, show_last=return) // //******************************** //Function==> Função | (6) pivot() //Reference: Pine Script Manual //******************************** _Pivots = input(title = "══════ Pivots ══════", type = input.bool, defval = false) leftBars = input(4) rightBars=input(4) pivotHigh = pivothigh(leftBars, rightBars) //pivot de alta plot(pivotHigh>ema72[rightBars] ? pivotHigh : na, title="Pivot High", style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=3, color= color.purple, transp=50, offset=-rightBars, show_last=return) pivotLow = pivotlow(leftBars, rightBars) //pivot de baixa plot(pivotLow<ema72[rightBars] ? pivotLow : na, title="Pivot Low", style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=3, color= color.blue, transp=50, offset=-rightBars, show_last=return) // //*************************************** //Function==> Função | (7) WILLIAM R% MOD //Reference: Pine Script Manual //*************************************** // Getting inputs _WilliamR = input(title = "══════ William R% Mod ══════", type = input.bool, defval = false) SOB_William = input(title="OverBought Area", type=input.integer, defval=-7) //OverBought area ==> Area de SobreCompra SOS_William = input(title="OverSold Area", type=input.integer, defval=-93) //OverSold area ==> Area de SobreVenda length_William = input(17, minval=1) //interval ==> intervalo highestHigh_William = highest(length_William) //maximum value ==> valor máximo highestLow_William = lowest(length_William) //minumum value ==> valor mínimo R_William = (highestHigh_William - close) / (highestHigh_William - highestLow_William) * -100 //Show the position ==> mostra a posição //plotshape(R_William > SOS_William ? na : high, text="+R%", title="+r(+)%R Up", location=location.belowbar, color=color.green, transp=30, style=shape.triangleup, size=size.tiny, show_last=return) //plotshape(R_William < SOB_William ? na : low, text="-R%", title="(-)%R DN", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, transp=30, style=shape.triangledown, size=size.tiny, show_last=return) // // Show label with William %R value ==> Mostra a etiqueta com o valor do William %R // The color label red is when the value arrive on OverBought Area and green on OverSold Area, be careful with these areas ==> O rótulo de cor vermelha é quando o valor chega na área de SobreCompra e verde na área de SobreVenda, cuidado com estas áreas // corTest=color.white colorText = color.white estilo = label.style_label_upper_left textW="" if R_William>SOB_William corTest := color.new(color.red,0) //vermelho escuro estilo := label.style_label_lower_left textW:="OB" if R_William>-30 and R_William<=SOB_William corTest := #f5948e //vermelho intermediário estilo := label.style_label_lower_left if R_William>-50 and R_William<=-30 corTest := #f5d5d3 //vermelho claro colorText := color.black if R_William>-70 and R_William<=-50 corTest := #e7f5d3 //verde claro colorText := color.black if R_William>=SOS_William and R_William<=-70 corTest := color.lime //verde intermediario estilo := label.style_label_upper_left colorText := color.black if R_William<SOS_William corTest := color.new(color.green,0) // verde escuro estilo := label.style_label_upper_left textW:="OS" // Make a label at the high of the current bar myLabel = label.new(x=bar_index, y=close, style= estilo, color=corTest, text=tostring(R_William,"#.#")+"% "+textW, textcolor=colorText, size=size.normal) // Get the label text labelText = label.get_text(id=myLabel) // Then set the label's text to a new string that // includes its current text label.set_text(id=myLabel, text=labelText) label.delete(myLabel[1]) // //************************************************** //Function==> Função | (8) MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM VALUE //Reference: Pine Script Manual //************************************************** //Maximum High and Minimum Low close position ==> Posição Máxima e Minima de fechamento ExtremoHigh=high+(highestHigh_William-high) ExtremoLow=low-(low-highestLow_William) plot(ExtremoHigh, color=color.new(color.red,70), style=plot.style_line, linewidth=1, show_last=return) plot(ExtremoLow, color=color.new(color.green,70), style=plot.style_line, linewidth=1, show_last=return) //Show the Extreme High and Low close position ==> Mostra a extrema posicao alta e baixa do fechamento lH1 = 0.0 lHInt = close lL1 = close lLInt = close Vr_LinhaH=0.0 Vr_LinhaL=0.0 Vr_LinhaC=0.0 if emaOhlc4<dema72 Vr_LinhaH := high+(highestHigh_William-high) lH1 := Vr_LinhaH>dema72 ? Vr_LinhaH : dema72 lHInt:=emaOhlc4<dema72 ? dema72 : emaOhlc4 lLInt := lHInt==emaOhlc4 ? dema72 : emaOhlc4 Vr_LinhaL:= low-(low-highestLow_William) lL1 := Vr_LinhaL>lLInt ? lLInt : Vr_LinhaL if emaOhlc4>dema72 Vr_LinhaH := high+(highestHigh_William-high) lH1 := Vr_LinhaH>dema72 ? Vr_LinhaH : dema72 lHInt:=dema72>emaOhlc4 ? dema72 : emaOhlc4 lLInt := lHInt==dema72 ? emaOhlc4 : dema72 Vr_LinhaL:= low-(low-highestLow_William) lL1 := Vr_LinhaL>lLInt ? lLInt : Vr_LinhaL // //******************************* //Function==> Função | (9) fill() //Reference: Pine Script Manual //******************************* //Show TRADE area in red (Sell) and green (Buy) ==> Mostra a área de trade em vermelho (Venda) e verde (Compra) Line1 = plot(emaOhlc4, title="Dema ohlc4", color=color.new(color.white,100), linewidth=1, transp=0, show_last=return) Line2 = plot(dema72, title="Dema 72", color=color.new(color.white,100), linewidth=1,transp=0, show_last=return) fill(Line1, Line2, color=emaOhlc4>dema72 ? color.new(color.green,90) : color.new(color.red,90), transp=70, show_last=return) //High area ==> Area de alta HighlH1 = plot(lH1, title="HighlH1", color=color.green, linewidth=1, transp=90, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr) HighlHInt = plot(lHInt, title="HighlHInt", color=color.green, linewidth=1, transp=100, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr) fill(HighlH1, HighlHInt, color=color.new(color.purple,90), transp=0, show_last=return) //Low area ==> Area de baixa LowlL1 = plot(lL1, title="LowlL1", color=color.red, linewidth=1, transp=90, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr) LowlLInt = plot(lLInt, title="LowlLInt", color=color.red, linewidth=1, transp=100, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr) fill(LowlL1, LowlLInt, color=color.new(color.blue,90), transp=0, show_last=return) // //*************************************************************************** //Function==> Função | (10) macd() - Moving Average Convergence Divergence //Reference: Pine Script Manual - adapted TradingView version - Dalmar Santos //*************************************************************************** // Getting inputs _Macd = input(title = "═════ Macd ══════════", type = input.bool, defval = false) fast_length_Macd = input(title="Fast Length", type=input.integer, defval=12) slow_length_Macd = input(title="Slow Length", type=input.integer, defval=26) src_Macd = input(title="Source", type=input.source, defval=close) signal_length_Macd = input(title="Signal Smoothing", type=input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 50, defval = 9) // Calculating fast_ma_Macd = ema(src_Macd, fast_length_Macd) slow_ma_Macd = ema(src_Macd, slow_length_Macd) macd_Macd = fast_ma_Macd - slow_ma_Macd signal_Macd = ema(macd_Macd, signal_length_Macd) hist_Macd = macd_Macd - signal_Macd //cross Macd MacdUp = crossover(macd_Macd,signal_Macd) ? 1 : 0 MacdDown = crossunder (macd_Macd,signal_Macd) ? 1 : 0 plotshape(MacdUp, text="+Md", title="(+)MACD UP", location=location.belowbar, color=color.green, transp=30, style=shape.triangleup, size=size.tiny, show_last=return) plotshape(MacdDown, text="-Md", title="(-)MACD DN", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, transp=30, style=shape.triangledown, size=size.tiny, show_last=return) // //***************************************************************************************** //Function==> Função | (11) tsi() - Trading Strenght Indicator ==> Indice de Força do Trading //Reference: Pine Script Manual - adapted TradingView version - Dalmar Santos //***************************************************************************************** _Tsi = input(title = "═════ Tsi ══════════", type = input.bool, defval = false) long_tsi = input(title="Long Length", type=input.integer, defval=72) short_tsi = input(title="Short Length", type=input.integer, defval=17) signal_tsi = input(title="Signal Length", type=input.integer, defval=17) price_tsi = close double_smooth(src_tsi, long_tsi, short_tsi) => fist_smooth_tsi = ema(src_tsi, long_tsi) ema(fist_smooth_tsi, short_tsi) pc_tsi = change(price_tsi) double_smoothed_pc_tsi = double_smooth(pc_tsi, long_tsi, short_tsi) double_smoothed_abs_pc_tsi = double_smooth(abs(pc_tsi), long_tsi, short_tsi) tsi_value_tsi = 100 * (double_smoothed_pc_tsi / double_smoothed_abs_pc_tsi) //TSI signal ==> Signal do TSI TsiUp = crossover(tsi_value_tsi,ema(tsi_value_tsi, signal_tsi)) ? 1 : 0 TsiDown = crossunder(tsi_value_tsi,ema(tsi_value_tsi, signal_tsi)) ? 1 : 0 //Show the Position ==> Mostra a posicao plotshape(TsiUp==1 ? low : na, text="+Tsi", title="(+)TSI Up", location=location.belowbar, color=color.green, transp=30, style=shape.triangleup, size=size.tiny, show_last=return) plotshape(TsiDown==1 ? high : na, text="-Tsi", title="(-)TSI DN", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, transp=30, style=shape.triangledown, size=size.tiny, show_last=return) // //*************************************************************************** //Function==> Função | (12) Buy and Sell TRADE Points //Reference: Pine Script Manual - adapted TradingView version - Dalmar Santos //*************************************************************************** //Cross Point ==> pontos de cruzamento crossUP=crossover(emaOhlc4,dema34) crossDN=crossunder(emaOhlc4,dema34) //Show de Buy and Sell points ==> mostra pontos de compra e venda tradeColor=crossUP ? color.red : crossDN ? color.green : na //line buy or sell ==> linha de compra ou venda plot(crossUP ? dema34 : crossDN ? dema34: na, color=tradeColor, style=plot.style_line, linewidth=4, editable=false, show_last=return) //Buy point ==> pontos de compra plotshape(crossUP ? dema34 : na, style=shape.labelup, location=location.absolute, text="Buy", transp=0, textcolor = color.white, color=color.green, editable=false, show_last=return) //Sell points ==> pontos de venda plotshape(crossDN ? dema34: na, style=shape.labeldown, location=location.absolute, text="Sell", transp=0, textcolor = color.white, color=color.red, editable=false, show_last=return) // //************************************************************ //Function==> Função | (13) Strategy Buy and Sell TRADE Points //Reference: Pine Script Manual - Dalmar Santos //************************************************************ //Start backtest year, month, day, hour, minute, second ==> Inicio do backtest ano, mês, dia, hora, minuto, segundo start = timestamp(2021,01,01,1,00,00) //***************** //BUY ==> COMPRA //***************** if time>= start if crossUP strategy.close("Short", comment="Close Sell") strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long, 1, comment="Open Buy") //***************** //SELL ==> Venda //***************** if crossDN strategy.close("Long", comment="Close Buy") strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short, 1, comment="Open Sell")