Multi Timeframe MACD Trading Strategy
Author: ChaoZhang, Date: 2024-01-30 17:44:36Tags:
Overview
This strategy is based on the classic MACD indicator, combined with trend judgment indicators, stop loss methods and take profit methods to form a relatively complete trend tracking trading strategy. It can be used for both cryptocurrency, forex and stock trading.
Trading Logic
-
MACD Indicator
- The difference between FASTLENGTH period EMA and SLOWLENGTH period EMA forms the MACD histogram
- MACDLENGTH period EMA smooths the MACD histogram to form the MACD line
- MACD histogram crossing 0 axis forms trading signals
-
Trend Filter
- ADX: Average Directional Index, to judge if a trend exists
- MA: Moving Average, price above and below MA forms a trend
- SAR: Parabolic SAR, SAR moving above and below price indicates trend
-
Stop Loss
- ATR Trailing Stop: Set stop loss based on ATR percentage
- SAR Stop Loss: Use SAR as trailing stop loss
-
Take Profit
- ATR Fixed Take Profit Distance: Set fixed take profit distance based on ATR
- Percentage Take Profit: Set percentage take profit distance
-
Timed Exit
- Can set exit after specified number of bars
Advantage Analysis
-
Multiple Auxiliary Judgement
- Trend, support and resistance judgment avoids false signals
- ATR/SAR stop loss better controls risk
-
Flexible Configuration
- Choose whether to use trend filter
- Choose ATR or SAR stop loss
- Choose ATR or standard take profit
- Parameters are configurable
-
Divergence Analysis Provided
- Displays historical regular/hidden divergences
- Provide text notifications
-
Easy to Optimize
- Many built-in configurable parameters
- Easy to test different parameter combinations
Risk Analysis
-
Improper Parameters May Increase Losses
- Improper ATR, SAR parameters may premature stop loss
- Excessive take profit ratio may premature take profit
-
Trend Failure Risk
- Improper trend indicator parameters may cause misjudgement
- Black swan events may cause trend failure
-
Timed Exit Risks
- Fixed timed exit risks losses
Optimization Directions
- Adjust ATR, SAR parameters for smoother stops
- Test different MA periods to optimize trend judgement
- Test adjusted take profit ratios to increase profit rate
- Incorporate volatility indicators to optimize configurations
Conclusion
This strategy comprehensively considers trend, stop loss, take profit, pullback identification to form a relatively complete cryptocurrency trading strategy. It combines the advantages of MACD indicators, adds trend filtering to avoid false trading; adds ATR/SAR stop loss for better risk control; pullback identification provides extra reference. The multiple configurable parameters can be easily tested and optimized. Overall, this strategy can serve as a great example for cryptocurrency strategy research.
/*backtest
start: 2023-12-01 00:00:00
end: 2023-12-31 23:59:59
period: 1h
basePeriod: 15m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © systemalphatrader
//@version=4
strategy(title="MACD+ Strategy [SystemAlpha]", shorttitle="MACD+ Strategy [SA]", overlay=true, initial_capital=10000, currency='USD',
default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity, default_qty_value=100, commission_type=strategy.commission.percent, commission_value=0.04)
// == MAIN INPUT ==
// TREND FILTER
// Make input option to configure trend filter
trendFilter = input(title="Trend Filter", defval='MA', options=['ADX', 'MA', 'SAR', 'All', 'None'])
// Translate input into trend filters
useADXFilter = (trendFilter == 'ADX') or (trendFilter == 'All')
useSARFilter = (trendFilter == 'SAR') or (trendFilter == 'All')
useMAFilter = (trendFilter == 'MA') or (trendFilter == 'All')
// TRAIL STOP
// Make input option to configure trail stop
trailStop = input(title="Trailing Stop Loss", defval='SAR', options=['ATR', 'SAR', 'None'])
// Translate input
useATRStop = (trailStop == 'ATR')
useSARStop = (trailStop == 'SAR')
// TAKE PROFIT TARGET
// Make input option to configure trail stop
TPtarget = input(title="Take Profit Type", defval='ATR', options=['ATR', 'Percent', 'None'])
// Translate input
useATRTP = (TPtarget == 'ATR')
usePercentTP = (TPtarget == 'Percent')
// ALERTS and BAR COLOR
// Make input option to configure alerts
alerts = input(title="Select Alerts to Display", defval='None', options=['Buy/Sell', 'Exit', 'Both', 'None'])
// Translate input
showsignals = (alerts == 'Buy/Sell') or (alerts == 'Both')
showexitsignals = (alerts == 'Exit') or (alerts == 'Both')
showBarColor = input(true, title="Show Bar Color")
// == /MAIN INPUT ==
/////////////////////////////////////
//*STRATEGY LOGIC *//
/////////////////////////////////////
// == MACD ==
fastLength = input(12, title="Fast Length")
slowlength = input(26, title="Slow Length")
MACDLength = input(9, title="MACD Length")
MACD = ema(close, fastLength) - ema(close, slowlength)
aMACD = ema(MACD, MACDLength)
delta = MACD - aMACD
// Calc breakouts
break_up = crossover(delta, 0)
break_down = crossunder(delta,0)
// == /MACD ==
// == DIVERGENCE ==
method = input(title="Divergence Method", defval='Hist', options=['Hist', 'MACD'])
divtype = input(title="Divergence Type", defval='None', options=['Regular', 'Hidden', 'Both', 'None'])
uReg = divtype == 'Regular' or divtype == 'Both'
uHid = divtype == 'Hidden' or divtype == 'Both'
showlabel = input(true, title="Show Divergence Label")
v_show_last = input(500, "Plotting Lookback Bars Length")
high_src = high
low_src = low
// || Functions:
f_top_fractal(_src) =>
_src[4] < _src[2] and _src[3] < _src[2] and _src[2] > _src[1] and
_src[2] > _src[0]
f_bot_fractal(_src) =>
_src[4] > _src[2] and _src[3] > _src[2] and _src[2] < _src[1] and
_src[2] < _src[0]
f_fractalize(_src) =>
f_bot_fractal__1 = f_bot_fractal(_src)
f_top_fractal(_src) ? 1 : f_bot_fractal__1 ? -1 : 0
// === End of Functions
// || Method selection
oscilator_high = float(na)
oscilator_low = float(na)
if method == 'MACD'
oscilator_high := MACD
oscilator_low := MACD
if method == 'Hist'
oscilator_high := delta
oscilator_low := delta
//
fractal_top = f_fractalize(oscilator_high) > 0 ? oscilator_high[2] : na
fractal_bot = f_fractalize(oscilator_low) < 0 ? oscilator_low[2] : na
high_prev = valuewhen(fractal_top, oscilator_high[2], 0)[2]
high_price = valuewhen(fractal_top, high[2], 0)[2]
low_prev = valuewhen(fractal_bot, oscilator_low[2], 0)[2]
low_price = valuewhen(fractal_bot, low[2], 0)[2]
regular_bearish_div = fractal_top and high[2] > high_price and oscilator_high[2] < high_prev
hidden_bearish_div = fractal_top and high[2] < high_price and oscilator_high[2] > high_prev
regular_bullish_div = fractal_bot and low[2] < low_price and oscilator_low[2] > low_prev
hidden_bullish_div = fractal_bot and low[2] > low_price and oscilator_low[2] < low_prev
// Plotting
plot(title='Bullish', series=fractal_top ? high[2] : na, color = regular_bearish_div and uReg or hidden_bearish_div and uHid ? color.red : na, linewidth = 2, transp=50, offset=-2, show_last = v_show_last)
plot(title='Bearish', series=fractal_bot ? low[2] : na, color = regular_bullish_div and uReg or hidden_bullish_div and uHid ? color.green : na, linewidth = 2, transp=50, offset=-2, show_last = v_show_last)
plotshape(title='Regular Bearish', series=not showlabel or not uReg ? na : regular_bearish_div ? high[2] : na, text='R', style=shape.labeldown, location=location.absolute, color=color.red, textcolor=color.white, transp=50, offset=-2, show_last = v_show_last)
plotshape(title='Hidden Bearish', series=not showlabel or not uHid ? na : hidden_bearish_div ? high[2] : na, text='H', style=shape.labeldown, location=location.absolute, color=color.red, textcolor=color.white, transp=80, offset=-2, show_last = v_show_last)
plotshape(title='Regular Bullish', series=not showlabel or not uReg ? na : regular_bullish_div ? low[2] : na, text='R', style=shape.labelup, location=location.absolute, color=color.green, textcolor=color.white, transp=50, offset=-2, show_last = v_show_last)
plotshape(title='Hidden Bullish', series=not showlabel or not uHid ? na : hidden_bullish_div ? low[2] : na, text='H', style=shape.labelup, location=location.absolute, color=color.green, textcolor=color.white, transp=80, offset=-2, show_last = v_show_last)
// == /DIVERGENCE ==
// == ENTRY ==
// == ADX FILTERING ==
// Look at ADX when it is above a user-defined key level (23 default) and this is to identify when it is trending.
// It then looks at the DMI levels. If D+ is above D- and the ADX is sloping upwards and above the key level, it triggers a buy condition. Opposite for short.
adxlen = 13 //input(13, title="TF ADX Smoothing")
dilen = 13 //input(13, title="TF DI Period")
keyLevel = 23 //input(23, title="TF Keylevel for ADX")
// == USE BUILT-IN DMI FUNCTION TO DETERMINE ADX AND BULL/BEAR STRENGTH
[diplus, diminus, adx] = dmi(dilen, adxlen)
//Buy and Sell Filter
ADXBuyCheck = useADXFilter? diplus > diminus : true
ADXSellCheck = useADXFilter? diplus < diminus : true
// == /ADX FILTERING ==
// == MOVING AVERAGE FILTERING ==
// MA FILTER: Use a user-defined moving average to filter long/short if desried.
maType = input(defval="EMA", options=["EMA", "SMA"], title = "TF MA Type")
maLength = input(defval = 50, title = "TF MA Period", minval = 1)
// Declare function to be able to swap out EMA/SMA
ma(maType, src, length) =>
maType == "EMA" ? ema(src, length) : sma(src, length)
maFilter = ma(maType, close, maLength)
// Check to see if the useMaFilter check box is checked, this then inputs this conditional "maFilterCheck" variable into the strategy entry
maFilterCheck = if useMAFilter == true
maFilter
else
close
// == /MOVING AVERAGE FILTERING ==
// == PARABOLIC SAR AS AN ENTRY and EXIT OPTION ==
// SAR FILTER: The Parabolic SAR (Stop and Reverse) is a time and price technical analysis tool primarily used to identify points of potential stops and reverses.
// Go long when is located below price (BULLISH) and go short when is located above price (BEARISH).
sarStart = 0.04 //input(0.04, "SAR Start")
sarIncrement = 0.02 //input(0.02, "SAR Increment")
sarMaximum = 0.5 //input(0.5, "SAR Max Value")
htclose = close
sarOut = useSARFilter or useSARStop ? sar(sarStart, sarIncrement, sarMaximum) : na
Trend = sarOut < htclose ? 1 : -1
//Buy and Sell Filter
sarBuyCheck = useSARFilter? Trend == 1: true
sarSellCheck = useSARFilter? Trend == -1: true
// Trigger stop based on High/Low
trigResistance = high
trigSupport = low
// Determine if price is above resistance or below support
sarResistanceHit = close >= sarOut and useSARStop == true
sarSupportHit = close <= sarOut and useSARStop == true
// == /PARABOLIC SAR AS AN ENTRY and EXIT OPTION ==
// == EXITS ==
// == ATR TRAILING STOPS ==
// The ATR % stop method can be used by any type of trader because the width of the stop is determined by the percentage of average true range (ATR).
// ATR is a measure of volatility over a specified period of time.
// Exit with ATR support/resistance is hit.
atrLookback = 14 //input(defval=14,title="ATR Lookback Period",type=input.integer)
multiplier = input(defval=2,title="ATR Trailing Stop Multiplier",type=input.float, step=0.1, minval=0.5, maxval=5)
// Calculate the trailing ATR
atrValue = atr(atrLookback)
atrMultiplied = atrValue * multiplier
// Plot the price plus or minus the ATR
atrLow = low - atrMultiplied
atrHigh = high + atrMultiplied
// Calculate both the low and high trailing ATRs every time. The low one never goes down, and the high one never goes up
// Set them to something to start with
trailAtrLow = atrLow
trailAtrHigh = atrHigh
// If the ATR Low has gone up AND it has gone above the trail, the low trailing ATR should also go up. If the ATR Low has gone up or down, but not below the trail, the ATR trail stays where it is
trailAtrLow := na(trailAtrLow[1]) ? trailAtrLow : atrLow >= trailAtrLow[1] ? atrLow : trailAtrLow[1]
// Same for the High
trailAtrHigh := na(trailAtrHigh[1]) ? trailAtrHigh : atrHigh <= trailAtrHigh[1] ? atrHigh : trailAtrHigh[1]
// Determine if price is above resistance or below support
atrResistanceHit = trigResistance >= trailAtrHigh and useATRStop == true
atrSupportHit = trigSupport <= trailAtrLow and useATRStop == true
// If price is above resistance or below support, reset the trailing ATR
trailAtrLow := atrSupportHit ? atrLow : trailAtrLow
trailAtrHigh := atrResistanceHit ? atrHigh : trailAtrHigh
// == /ATR TRAILING STOPS ==
// == INITIAL TP==
// ATR
tpmultiplier = input(defval=3,title="ATR Take Profit Multiplier",type=input.float, step=0.1, minval=0.5, maxval=5)
ema = ema(close, atrLookback)
atr = rma(tr(true), atrLookback)
longATRTP = ema + (atr * tpmultiplier)
shortATRTP = ema - (atr * tpmultiplier)
// Determine if price is above resistance or below support
longATRTPHit = high >= longATRTP and useATRTP == true
shortATRTPHit = low <= shortATRTP and useATRTP == true
// STANDARD TAKE PROFIT %
// User Options to Change Inputs (%)
takePer = input(10, title='Take Profit %', type=input.float, step=0.1, minval=0.5, maxval=100) / 100
//fixed TP prices
longPercentTP = ema * (1 + takePer)
shortPercentTP = ema * (1 - takePer)
// Determine if price is above resistance or below support
longPercentTPHit = high >= longPercentTP and usePercentTP == true
shortPercentTPHit = low <= shortPercentTP and usePercentTP == true
// Set Stop and TP Values
buyStop = trailStop == 'ATR'? trailAtrLow : trailStop == 'SAR'? sarOut : na
sellStop = trailStop == 'ATR'? trailAtrHigh : trailStop == 'SAR'? sarOut : na
longTP = TPtarget == 'ATR'? longATRTP : TPtarget == 'Percent'? longPercentTP : na
shortTP = TPtarget == 'ATR'? shortATRTP : TPtarget == 'Percent'? shortPercentTP : na
// == /EXITS ==
// == PLOTTING ==
buySignal = break_up and ADXBuyCheck and close >= maFilterCheck and sarBuyCheck
shortSignal = break_down and ADXSellCheck and close <= maFilterCheck and sarSellCheck
sellSignal = atrSupportHit or sarSupportHit or longPercentTPHit or longATRTPHit
coverSignal = atrResistanceHit or sarResistanceHit or shortPercentTPHit or shortATRTPHit
//Set BarSince counter
barsSinceLong = 0
barsSinceShort = 0
barsSinceLong := nz(barsSinceLong[1])
barsSinceShort := nz(barsSinceShort[1])
//Plot Sell and Cover Signal
plotshape(not showexitsignals and sellSignal and barsSinceLong == 1? sellSignal : na, title="Sell Long", location=location.abovebar, style=shape.diamond, size=size.auto, color=color.aqua, transp=0, show_last = v_show_last, editable = false)
plotshape(not showexitsignals and coverSignal and barsSinceShort == 1 ? coverSignal : na, title="Cover Short", location=location.belowbar, style=shape.diamond, size=size.auto, color=color.orange, transp=0, show_last = v_show_last, editable = false)
plotshape(showexitsignals and sellSignal and barsSinceLong == 1? sellSignal : na, title="Close Long Text", location=location.abovebar, style=shape.diamond, size=size.auto, color=color.aqua, transp=0, show_last = v_show_last, textcolor=color.aqua, text = "Close\nLong", editable = false)
plotshape(showexitsignals and coverSignal and barsSinceShort == 1 ? coverSignal : na, title="Cover Short Text", location=location.belowbar, style=shape.diamond, size=size.auto, color=color.orange, transp=0, show_last = v_show_last, textcolor=color.orange, text = "Cover\nShort", editable = false)
// Reset BarSince counter
if buySignal
barsSinceLong := 1
barsSinceShort := 0
if shortSignal
barsSinceShort := 1
barsSinceLong := 0
if sellSignal
barsSinceLong := 0
if coverSignal
barsSinceShort := 0
// Show bar color
barcolor(showBarColor? (buySignal or shortSignal ? (shortSignal ? color.fuchsia : color.yellow) : na) : na)
// Plot Buy Alerts
plotshape(buySignal ? buySignal : na, title="Breakout Up", location=location.belowbar, style=shape.circle, size=size.auto, color=color.yellow, transp=0, editable = false)
plotshape(showsignals and buySignal, title= "Long", color=color.green, style=shape.labelup, location=location.belowbar, size=size.auto, show_last = v_show_last, text = "BUY", textcolor=color.white, editable = false)
// Plot Sell Alerts
plotshape(shortSignal ? shortSignal : na, title="Breakout Down", location=location.abovebar, style=shape.circle, size=size.auto, color=color.fuchsia, transp=0, editable = false)
plotshape(showsignals and shortSignal, title= "Short", color=color.red, style=shape.labeldown, location=location.abovebar, size=size.auto, show_last = v_show_last, text = "SELL", textcolor=color.white, editable = false)
// Plot MA Trend Filter
plot(useMAFilter? maFilter : na, title = "Trend Filter MA", color = color.green, linewidth = 2, style = plot.style_line, transp = 20, editable = true)
// Plot Initial Stop
plot(trailStop != 'None' and barsSinceLong >= 1? buyStop : na, color=#3A6CA8, title="Trail Stop Long", style = plot.style_cross, linewidth = 1, transp = 20, editable = true)
plot(trailStop != 'None' and barsSinceShort >= 1? sellStop : na, color=#3A6CA8, title="Trail Stop Short", style = plot.style_cross, linewidth = 1, transp = 20, editable = true)
// Plot Initial Target Profit
plot(TPtarget != 'None' and buySignal? longTP : na, color=color.green, title="LongTP", style = plot.style_linebr, linewidth = 1, editable = false)
plot(TPtarget != 'None' and shortSignal? shortTP : na, color=color.green, title="ShortTP", style = plot.style_linebr, linewidth = 1, editable = false)
// == /PLOTTING ==
// == ALERTS ==
// Buy and Sell Signal
alertcondition(buySignal, title='MACD Long', message='MACD {{exchange}}:{{ticker}} TF: {{interval}}. LONG (TRADE). ENTRY: {{close}}, Target Profit: {{plot("LongTP")}}, STOP LOSS: {{plot("Trail Stop Long")}}')
alertcondition(shortSignal, title='MACD Short', message='MACD {{exchange}}:{{ticker}} TF: {{interval}}. SHORT (TRADE). ENTRY: {{close}}, Target Profit: {{plot("ShortTP")}}, STOP LOSS: {{plot("Trail Stop Short")}}')
alertcondition(sellSignal, title='MACD Close Long', message='MACD {{exchange}}:{{ticker}} Close Long, Price = {{close}}')
alertcondition(coverSignal, title='MACD Cover Short', message='MACD {{exchange}}:{{ticker}} Cover Short, Price = {{close}}')
alertcondition(sellSignal or coverSignal, title="MACD Close Orders", message="{{ticker}} Close Orders")
// Initial SL and TP Hit
stophit = low <= buyStop or high >= sellStop
tphit = low <= shortTP or high >= longTP
alertcondition(stophit, title='MACD SL Hit', message='MACD {{exchange}}:{{ticker}} Stop Loss Hit, Price = {{close}}')
alertcondition(tphit, title='MACD TP Hit', message='MACD {{exchange}}:{{ticker}} Target Profit Hit, Price = {{close}}')
//Divergence Alerts
alertcondition(regular_bullish_div, title='MACD Bullish Divergence', message='MACD Regular Bullish Divergence')
alertcondition(regular_bearish_div, title='MACD Bearish Divergence', message='MACD Regular Bearish Divergence')
alertcondition(hidden_bullish_div, title='MACD Hidden Bullish Divergence', message='MACD Hidden Bullish Divergence')
alertcondition(hidden_bearish_div, title='MACD Hidden Bearish Divergence', message='MACD Hidden Bearish Divergence')
// == /ALERTS ==
//////////////////////////
//* STRATEGY COMPONENT *//
//////////////////////////
// === BACKTEST RANGE ===
From_Year = input(defval = 2017, title = "BACKTEST: From Year")
From_Month = input(defval = 1, title = "BACKTEST: From Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
From_Day = input(defval = 1, title = "BACKTEST: From Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
To_Year = input(defval = 9999, title = "BACKTEST: To Year")
To_Month = input(defval = 1, title = "BACKTEST: To Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
To_Day = input(defval = 1, title = "BACKTEST: To Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
Start = timestamp(From_Year, From_Month, From_Day, 00, 00) // backtest start window
Finish = timestamp(To_Year, To_Month, To_Day, 23, 59) // backtest finish window
testPeriod() => true
// === /BACKTEST RANGE ===
// === STRATEGY ===
// Make input option to configure trade direction
tradeDirection = input(title="Trade Direction", defval="Both", options=["Long", "Short", "Both"])
// Translate input into trading conditions
longOK = (tradeDirection == "Long") or (tradeDirection == "Both")
shortOK = (tradeDirection == "Short") or (tradeDirection == "Both")
// == STRATEGY ENTRIES/EXITS ==
timedExit = input(title = "Use Timed Exit", type = input.bool, defval = true)
exitmethod = input(title="Timed Exit Method", defval='3', options=['1', '2', '3'])
bse = input(10, "Bar Since Entry") // Bars to exit after entry
barsSinceEntry = 0
barsSinceEntry := nz(barsSinceEntry[1]) + 1
longCondition = longOK and buySignal and testPeriod()
shortcondition = shortOK and shortSignal and testPeriod()
if strategy.position_size == 0
barsSinceEntry := 0
// === STRATEGY - LONG POSITION EXECUTION ===
if longCondition
strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long)
barsSinceEntry := 0
// === STRATEGY - SHORT POSITION EXECUTION ===
if shortcondition
strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short)
barsSinceEntry := 0
// == STRATEGY EXITS ==
if sellSignal
strategy.close("Long")
barsSinceEntry := 0
if coverSignal
strategy.close("Short")
barsSinceEntry := 0
// Enable Timed Exit
// Exit after specified number of bars.
if timedExit and exitmethod == '1' and barsSinceEntry > bse
strategy.close_all()
barsSinceEntry := 0
// Exit after specified number of bars, ONLY if position is currently profitable.
if timedExit and exitmethod == '2' and strategy.openprofit > 0 and barsSinceEntry > bse
strategy.close_all()
barsSinceEntry := 0
// Exit after specified number of bars, ONLY if position is currently losing.
if timedExit and exitmethod == '3' and strategy.openprofit < 0 and barsSinceEntry > bse
strategy.close_all()
barsSinceEntry := 0
// === /STRATEGY ===
//EOF
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