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Strategi Trend Dinamik Purata Bergerak Berganda

Penulis:ChaoZhang, Tarikh: 2023-11-23 15:40:15
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Ringkasan

Multiple Moving Average Dynamic Trend Strategy adalah strategi perdagangan kuantitatif yang menggunakan pelbagai jenis penunjuk purata bergerak untuk menentukan trend pasaran dan secara dinamik menyesuaikan kedudukan garis stop loss. Dengan menggabungkan purata bergerak yang berbeza, strategi ini dapat menilai trend pasaran dengan lebih komprehensif dan tepat dan mencapai perdagangan kadar kemenangan yang tinggi.

Prinsip Strategi

Strategi ini terutamanya melaksanakan 8 jenis purata bergerak yang berbeza melalui fungsi tersuai, termasuk Purata Bergerak Sederhana (SMA), Purata Bergerak Eksponensial (EMA), Purata Bergerak Bertimbang (WMA), Purata Bergerak Segitiga (TMA), Purata Bergerak Indeks Berubah (VIDYA), Purata Bergerak Wilder (WWMA), Purata Bergerak Eksponensial Zero-Lag (ZLEMA) dan Indeks Kekuatan Benar (TSI).

Strategi ini mula-mula mengira jenis purata bergerak yang dipilih, dan kemudian secara dinamik mengira kedudukan rel atas dan bawah berdasarkan parameter peratusan yang ditetapkan. Isyarat beli dicetuskan apabila harga memecahkan rel atas, dan isyarat jual dicetuskan apabila harga memecahkan rel bawah. Di samping itu, strategi ini juga mengesan persilangan antara purata bergerak dan harga sebagai isyarat penilaian tambahan.

Semasa pengiraan, strategi ini juga menilai arah trend pasaran, dengan itu menyesuaikan kedudukan rel atas dan bawah secara dinamik. Khususnya, apabila tren menaik ditentukan, rel bawah akan bergerak ke atas mengikuti harga yang meningkat supaya garis stop loss dapat menjejaki harga yang meningkat dengan optimum. Apabila trend menurun ditentukan, rel atas akan bergerak ke bawah mengikuti harga jatuh untuk mengurangkan titik stop loss dan meminimumkan kerugian.

Kelebihan Strategi

  • Menggunakan 8 gabungan penunjuk purata bergerak untuk menilai trend pasaran dengan lebih tepat.
  • Dinamis menyesuaikan kedudukan baris stop loss untuk memaksimumkan kunci keuntungan dan mengelakkan pembalikan stop loss.
  • Menyaring perdagangan yang salah yang disebabkan oleh pecah palsu menggunakan purata bergerak dan persilangan harga sebagai isyarat tambahan.
  • Parameter yang boleh disesuaikan dan dioptimumkan untuk memenuhi persekitaran pasaran yang berbeza.

Risiko dan Penyelesaian

  • Meningkatkan kerumitan strategi dan kesukaran debugging disebabkan oleh pelbagai penunjuk gabungan.
  • Jenis purata bergerak tertentu mungkin kurang berprestasi dalam persekitaran pasaran tertentu.
  • Risiko yang berkaitan dengan perdagangan yang salah yang disebabkan oleh keluar palsu masih wujud.

Penyelesaian:

  • Meningkatkan kebolehbacaan kod melalui komen untuk memudahkan pemeriksaan dan debugging.
  • Pilih jenis purata bergerak atau menggabungkan modul pemilihan automatik berdasarkan keadaan pasaran.
  • Mengoptimumkan tetapan parameter dan menggabungkan lebih banyak penunjuk tambahan untuk menapis isyarat.

Arahan pengoptimuman

Masih banyak ruang untuk mengoptimumkan strategi ini:

  • Menggabungkan modul pengoptimuman parameter automatik berdasarkan perubahan persekitaran pasaran.
  • Menggabungkan model pembelajaran mesin untuk membantu menentukan trend.
  • Masukkan lebih banyak penunjuk penilaian tambahan seperti indeks sentimen untuk meningkatkan kestabilan strategi.
  • Mengoptimumkan mekanisme stop loss untuk berhenti yang lebih dinamik dan tepat.
  • Memperluas kepada pasangan aset pelbagai strategi penyebaran untuk memanfaatkan perbezaan harga.

Kesimpulan

Strategi trend dinamik purata bergerak berganda menentukan trend pasaran dengan menggabungkan beberapa penunjuk purata bergerak, dan memulakan dagangan berdasarkan isyarat harga pecah sambil menyesuaikan kedudukan garis stop loss secara dinamik untuk keuntungan yang cekap. Strategi ini berjaya mengintegrasikan tiga konsep strategi kuantitatif utama trend berikut, perdagangan harga pecah, dan berhenti dinamik, mempamerkan kestabilan dan keuntungan yang kuat. Dengan peningkatan lanjut dalam pengoptimuman parameter dan pengenalan corak, strategi ini menunjukkan potensi besar untuk peningkatan prestasi berterusan, menjadikannya strategi kuantitatif lanjutan yang sangat berharga yang layak untuk penyelidikan dan aplikasi yang tertumpu.

/*backtest
start: 2022-11-16 00:00:00
end: 2023-11-22 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

//@version=4
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © KivancOzbilgic

//created by: @Anil_Ozeksi
//developer: ANIL ÖZEKŞİ
//author: @kivancozbilgic

strategy("Optimized Trend Tracker","OTTEx", overlay=true)
src = input(close, title="Source")
length=input(2, "OTT Period", minval=1)
percent=input(1.4, "OTT Percent", type=input.float, step=0.1, minval=0)
showsupport = input(title="Show Support Line?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
showsignalsk = input(title="Show Support Line Crossing Signals?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
showsignalsc = input(title="Show Price/OTT Crossing Signals?", type=input.bool, defval=false)
highlight = input(title="Show OTT Color Changes?", type=input.bool, defval=false)
showsignalsr = input(title="Show OTT Color Change Signals?", type=input.bool, defval=false)
highlighting = input(title="Highlighter On/Off ?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
mav = input(title="Moving Average Type", defval="VAR", options=["SMA", "EMA", "WMA", "TMA", "VAR", "WWMA", "ZLEMA", "TSF"])
Var_Func(src,length)=>
    valpha=2/(length+1)
    vud1=src>src[1] ? src-src[1] : 0
    vdd1=src<src[1] ? src[1]-src : 0
    vUD=sum(vud1,9)
    vDD=sum(vdd1,9)
    vCMO=nz((vUD-vDD)/(vUD+vDD))
    VAR=0.0
    VAR:=nz(valpha*abs(vCMO)*src)+(1-valpha*abs(vCMO))*nz(VAR[1])
VAR=Var_Func(src,length)
Wwma_Func(src,length)=>
    wwalpha = 1/ length
    WWMA = 0.0
    WWMA := wwalpha*src + (1-wwalpha)*nz(WWMA[1])
WWMA=Wwma_Func(src,length)
Zlema_Func(src,length)=>
    zxLag = length/2==round(length/2) ? length/2 : (length - 1) / 2
    zxEMAData = (src + (src - src[zxLag]))
    ZLEMA = ema(zxEMAData, length)
ZLEMA=Zlema_Func(src,length)
Tsf_Func(src,length)=>
    lrc = linreg(src, length, 0)
    lrc1 = linreg(src,length,1)
    lrs = (lrc-lrc1)
    TSF = linreg(src, length, 0)+lrs
TSF=Tsf_Func(src,length)
getMA(src, length) =>
    ma = 0.0
    if mav == "SMA"
        ma := sma(src, length)
        ma

    if mav == "EMA"
        ma := ema(src, length)
        ma

    if mav == "WMA"
        ma := wma(src, length)
        ma

    if mav == "TMA"
        ma := sma(sma(src, ceil(length / 2)), floor(length / 2) + 1)
        ma

    if mav == "VAR"
        ma := VAR
        ma

    if mav == "WWMA"
        ma := WWMA
        ma

    if mav == "ZLEMA"
        ma := ZLEMA
        ma

    if mav == "TSF"
        ma := TSF
        ma
    ma
    
MAvg=getMA(src, length)
fark=MAvg*percent*0.01
longStop = MAvg - fark
longStopPrev = nz(longStop[1], longStop)
longStop := MAvg > longStopPrev ? max(longStop, longStopPrev) : longStop
shortStop =  MAvg + fark
shortStopPrev = nz(shortStop[1], shortStop)
shortStop := MAvg < shortStopPrev ? min(shortStop, shortStopPrev) : shortStop
dir = 1
dir := nz(dir[1], dir)
dir := dir == -1 and MAvg > shortStopPrev ? 1 : dir == 1 and MAvg < longStopPrev ? -1 : dir
MT = dir==1 ? longStop: shortStop
OTT=MAvg>MT ? MT*(200+percent)/200 : MT*(200-percent)/200 
plot(showsupport ? MAvg : na, color=#0585E1, linewidth=2, title="Support Line")
OTTC = highlight ? OTT[2] > OTT[3] ? color.green : color.red : #B800D9 
pALL=plot(nz(OTT[2]), color=OTTC, linewidth=2, title="OTT", transp=0)
alertcondition(cross(OTT[2], OTT[3]), title="Color ALARM", message="OTT Has Changed Color!")
alertcondition(crossover(OTT[2], OTT[3]), title="GREEN ALERT", message="OTT GREEN BUY SIGNAL!")
alertcondition(crossunder(OTT[2], OTT[3]), title="RED ALERT", message="OTT RED SELL SIGNAL!")
alertcondition(cross(MAvg, OTT[2]), title="Cross Alert", message="OTT - Support Line Crossing!")
alertcondition(crossover(MAvg, OTT[2]), title="Crossover Alarm", message="Support Line BUY SIGNAL!")
alertcondition(crossunder(MAvg, OTT[2]), title="Crossunder Alarm", message="Support Line SELL SIGNAL!")
alertcondition(cross(src, OTT[2]), title="Price Cross Alert", message="OTT - Price Crossing!")
alertcondition(crossover(src, OTT[2]), title="Price Crossover Alarm", message="PRICE OVER OTT - BUY SIGNAL!")
alertcondition(crossunder(src, OTT[2]), title="Price Crossunder Alarm", message="PRICE UNDER OTT - SELL SIGNAL!")
buySignalk = crossover(MAvg, OTT[2])
plotshape(buySignalk and showsignalsk ? OTT*0.995 : na, title="Buy", text="Buy", location=location.absolute, style=shape.labelup, size=size.tiny, color=color.green, textcolor=color.white, transp=0)
sellSignallk = crossunder(MAvg, OTT[2])
plotshape(sellSignallk and showsignalsk ? OTT*1.005 : na, title="Sell", text="Sell", location=location.absolute, style=shape.labeldown, size=size.tiny, color=color.red, textcolor=color.white, transp=0)
buySignalc = crossover(src, OTT[2])
plotshape(buySignalc and showsignalsc ? OTT*0.995 : na, title="Buy", text="Buy", location=location.absolute, style=shape.labelup, size=size.tiny, color=color.green, textcolor=color.white, transp=0)
sellSignallc = crossunder(src, OTT[2])
plotshape(sellSignallc and showsignalsc ? OTT*1.005 : na, title="Sell", text="Sell", location=location.absolute, style=shape.labeldown, size=size.tiny, color=color.red, textcolor=color.white, transp=0)
mPlot = plot(ohlc4, title="", style=plot.style_circles, linewidth=0,display=display.none)
longFillColor = highlighting ? (MAvg>OTT ? color.green : na) : na
shortFillColor = highlighting ? (MAvg<OTT ? color.red : na) : na
fill(mPlot, pALL, title="UpTrend Highligter", color=longFillColor)
fill(mPlot, pALL, title="DownTrend Highligter", color=shortFillColor)
buySignalr = crossover(OTT[2], OTT[3])
plotshape(buySignalr and showsignalsr ? OTT*0.995 : na, title="Buy", text="Buy", location=location.absolute, style=shape.labelup, size=size.tiny, color=color.green, textcolor=color.white, transp=0)
sellSignallr = crossunder(OTT[2], OTT[3])
plotshape(sellSignallr and showsignalsr ? OTT*1.005 : na, title="Sell", text="Sell", location=location.absolute, style=shape.labeldown, size=size.tiny, color=color.red, textcolor=color.white, transp=0)
showscr = input(true, title="Show Screener Label")
posX_scr = input(20, title="Pos. Label x-axis")
posY_scr = input(1, title="Pos. Size Label y-axis")
colinput = input(title="Label Color", defval="Blue", options=["White", "Black", "Red", "Green", "Yellow", "Blue"])
col = color.gray
if colinput=="White"
    col:=color.white
if colinput=="Black"
    col:=color.black
if colinput=="Red"
    col:=color.red
if colinput=="Green"
    col:=color.green
if colinput=="Yellow"
    col:=color.yellow
if colinput=="Blue"
    col:=color.blue
dummy0 = input(true, title = "=Backtest Inputs=")
FromDay    = input(defval = 1, title = "From Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
FromMonth  = input(defval = 1, title = "From Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
FromYear   = input(defval = 2005, title = "From Year", minval = 2005)
ToDay      = input(defval = 1, title = "To Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
ToMonth    = input(defval = 1, title = "To Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
ToYear     = input(defval = 9999, title = "To Year", minval = 2006)
Start     = timestamp(FromYear, FromMonth, FromDay, 00, 00)
Finish    = timestamp(ToYear, ToMonth, ToDay, 23, 59)
Timerange() => true
if buySignalk
    strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long,when=Timerange())
if sellSignallk
    strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short,when=Timerange())
// t1=input('EURUSD',   title='Symbol 01',type=input.symbol)
// t2=input('XAUUSD',    title='Symbol 02',type=input.symbol)
// t3=input('AMZN',    title='Symbol 03',type=input.symbol)
// t4=input('TSLA',    title='Symbol 04',type=input.symbol)
// t5=input('BTCUSDT',    title='Symbol 05',type=input.symbol)
// t6=input('ETHBTC',    title='Symbol 06',type=input.symbol)
// t7=input('XBTUSD',    title='Symbol 07',type=input.symbol)
// t8=input('XRPBTC',    title='Symbol 08',type=input.symbol)
// t9=input('THYAO',   title='Symbol 09',type=input.symbol)
// t10=input('GARAN',    title='Symbol 10',type=input.symbol)
// t11=input('',      title='Symbol 11',type=input.symbol)
// t12=input('',      title='Symbol 12',type=input.symbol)
// t13=input('',      title='Symbol 13',type=input.symbol)
// t14=input('',      title='Symbol 14',type=input.symbol)
// t15=input('',      title='Symbol 15',type=input.symbol)
// t16=input('',     title='Symbol 16',type=input.symbol)
// t17=input('',    title='Symbol 17',type=input.symbol)
// t18=input('',    title='Symbol 18',type=input.symbol)
// t19=input('',    title='Symbol 19',type=input.symbol)
// t20=input('',    title='Symbol 20',type=input.symbol)
// OTTs(percent, length) =>
//     Up=MAvg-MAvg*percent*0.01
//     Dn=MAvg+MAvg*percent*0.01
    
//     TrendUp = 0.0
//     TrendUp := MAvg[1]>TrendUp[1] ? max(Up,TrendUp[1]) : Up
//     TrendDown = 0.0
//     TrendDown := MAvg[1]<TrendDown[1]? min(Dn,TrendDown[1]) : Dn
//     Trend = 0.0
//     Trend := MAvg > TrendDown[1] ? 1: MAvg< TrendUp[1]? -1: nz(Trend[1],1)
//     Tsl = Trend==1? TrendUp: TrendDown
    
//     S_Buy = Trend == 1 ? 1 : 0
//     S_Sell = Trend != 1 ? 1 : 0
    
//     [Trend, Tsl]
// [Trend, Tsl] =  OTTs(percent, length)
// TrendReversal = Trend != Trend[1]
// [t01, s01] = security(t1, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t02, s02] = security(t2, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t03, s03] = security(t3, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t04, s04] = security(t4, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t05, s05] = security(t5, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t06, s06] = security(t6, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t07, s07] = security(t7, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t08, s08] = security(t8, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t09, s09] = security(t9, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t010, s010] = security(t10, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t011, s011] = security(t11, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t012, s012] = security(t12, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t013, s013] = security(t13, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t014, s014] = security(t14, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t015, s015] = security(t15, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t016, s016] = security(t16, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t017, s017] = security(t17, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t018, s018] = security(t18, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t019, s019] = security(t19, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// [t020, s020] = security(t20, timeframe.period, OTTs(percent, length))
// tr01 = t01 != t01[1], up01 = t01 == 1, dn01 = t01 == -1
// tr02 = t02 != t02[1], up02 = t02 == 1, dn02 = t02 == -1
// tr03 = t03 != t03[1], up03 = t03 == 1, dn03 = t03 == -1
// tr04 = t04 != t04[1], up04 = t04 == 1, dn04 = t04 == -1
// tr05 = t05 != t05[1], up05 = t05 == 1, dn05 = t05 == -1
// tr06 = t06 != t06[1], up06 = t06 == 1, dn06 = t06 == -1
// tr07 = t07 != t07[1], up07 = t07 == 1, dn07 = t07 == -1
// tr08 = t08 != t08[1], up08 = t08 == 1, dn08 = t08 == -1
// tr09 = t09 != t09[1], up09 = t09 == 1, dn09 = t09 == -1
// tr010 = t010 != t010[1], up010 = t010 == 1, dn010 = t010 == -1
// tr011 = t011 != t011[1], up011 = t011 == 1, dn011 = t011 == -1
// tr012 = t012 != t012[1], up012 = t012 == 1, dn012 = t012 == -1
// tr013 = t013 != t013[1], up013 = t013 == 1, dn013 = t013 == -1
// tr014 = t014 != t014[1], up014 = t014 == 1, dn014 = t014 == -1
// tr015 = t015 != t015[1], up015 = t015 == 1, dn015 = t015 == -1
// tr016 = t016 != t016[1], up016 = t016 == 1, dn016 = t016 == -1
// tr017 = t017 != t017[1], up017 = t017 == 1, dn017 = t017 == -1
// tr018 = t018 != t018[1], up018 = t018 == 1, dn018 = t018 == -1
// tr019 = t019 != t019[1], up019 = t019 == 1, dn019 = t019 == -1
// tr020 = t020 != t020[1], up020 = t020 == 1, dn020 = t020 == -1
// pot_label = 'Potential Reversal: \n'
// pot_label := tr01    ? pot_label + t1 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr02    ? pot_label + t2 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr03    ? pot_label + t3 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr04    ? pot_label + t4 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr05    ? pot_label + t5 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr06    ? pot_label + t6 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr07    ? pot_label + t7 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr08    ? pot_label + t8 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr09    ? pot_label + t9 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr010    ? pot_label + t10 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr011    ? pot_label + t11 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr012    ? pot_label + t12 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr013    ? pot_label + t13 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr014    ? pot_label + t14 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr015    ? pot_label + t15 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr016    ? pot_label + t16 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr017    ? pot_label + t17 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr018    ? pot_label + t18 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr019    ? pot_label + t19 + '\n'  : pot_label
// pot_label := tr020    ? pot_label + t20 + '\n'  : pot_label
// scr_label = 'Confirmed Reversal: \n'
// scr_label := tr01[1] ? scr_label + t1 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr02[1] ? scr_label + t2 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr03[1] ? scr_label + t3 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr04[1] ? scr_label + t4 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr05[1] ? scr_label + t5 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr06[1] ? scr_label + t6 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr07[1] ? scr_label + t7 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr08[1] ? scr_label + t8 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr09[1] ? scr_label + t9 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr010[1] ? scr_label + t10 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr011[1] ? scr_label + t11 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr012[1] ? scr_label + t12 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr013[1] ? scr_label + t13 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr014[1] ? scr_label + t14 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr015[1] ? scr_label + t15 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr016[1] ? scr_label + t16 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr017[1] ? scr_label + t17 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr018[1] ? scr_label + t18 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr019[1] ? scr_label + t19 + '\n'  : scr_label
// scr_label := tr020[1] ? scr_label + t20 + '\n'  : scr_label
// up_label = 'Uptrend: \n'
// up_label := up01[1] ? up_label + t1 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up02[1] ? up_label + t2 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up03[1] ? up_label + t3 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up04[1] ? up_label + t4 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up05[1] ? up_label + t5 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up06[1] ? up_label + t6 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up07[1] ? up_label + t7 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up08[1] ? up_label + t8 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up09[1] ? up_label + t9 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up010[1] ? up_label + t10 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up011[1] ? up_label + t11 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up012[1] ? up_label + t12 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up013[1] ? up_label + t13 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up014[1] ? up_label + t14 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up015[1] ? up_label + t15 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up016[1] ? up_label + t16 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up017[1] ? up_label + t17 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up018[1] ? up_label + t18 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up019[1] ? up_label + t19 + '\n'  : up_label
// up_label := up020[1] ? up_label + t20 + '\n'  : up_label
// dn_label = 'Downtrend: \n'
// dn_label := dn01[1] ? dn_label + t1 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn02[1] ? dn_label + t2 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn03[1] ? dn_label + t3 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn04[1] ? dn_label + t4 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn05[1] ? dn_label + t5 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn06[1] ? dn_label + t6 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn07[1] ? dn_label + t7 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn08[1] ? dn_label + t8 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn09[1] ? dn_label + t9 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn010[1] ? dn_label + t10 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn011[1] ? dn_label + t11 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn012[1] ? dn_label + t12 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn013[1] ? dn_label + t13 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn014[1] ? dn_label + t14 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn015[1] ? dn_label + t15 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn016[1] ? dn_label + t16 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn017[1] ? dn_label + t17 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn018[1] ? dn_label + t18 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn019[1] ? dn_label + t19 + '\n'  : dn_label
// dn_label := dn020[1] ? dn_label + t20 + '\n'  : dn_label
// f_colorscr (_valscr ) => 
//      _valscr  ? #00000000 : na
     
// f_printscr (_txtscr ) => 
//      var _lblscr  = label(na), 
//      label.delete(_lblscr ), 
//      _lblscr  := label.new(
//      time + (time-time[1])*posX_scr , 
//      ohlc4[posY_scr], 
//      _txtscr ,
//      xloc.bar_time, 
//      yloc.price, 
//      f_colorscr (  showscr ),
//      textcolor =  showscr ? col : na, 
//      size = size.normal, 
//      style=label.style_label_center
//      )
// f_printscr ( scr_label + '\n' + pot_label +'\n' + up_label + '\n' + dn_label)
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