ChaoZhang
概述
该策略旨在捕捉加密货币市场中的强劲趋势,采用多重通道和移动平均线来识别趋势形成的信号,并结合量能指标过滤假突破,同时运用自适应止损来锁定盈利,可实现在趋势市场中获利。
策略原理
该策略使用了快速通道、慢速通道和快速移动平均线三者结合来识别趋势。快速通道参数设置较敏感,用于捕捉短期价格波动;慢速通道参数较缓和,用于判断大趋势;快速移动平均线参数介于两者之间,当其突破通道时产生交易信号。
具体来说,它首先计算快速通道的上下轨,及移动平均线。当价格突破上轨时,如果慢速通道的下轨也处于移动平均线之上,则产生做多信号;反之,突破下轨时判断慢速通道的上轨是否在移动平均线之下,则产生做空信号。
此外,它还检测K线形态,要求数根K线顺序排列以过滤假突破;并计算价格变动率指标,避免行情被困在通道内震荡;加入交易量指标来确保突破时量能跟随。
对于止损方面,该策略使用的是自适应止损。根据最近一段时间的波动情况,动态调整止损幅度。这可以在保证止损的同时,尽可能追溯更多的趋势行情。
优势分析
该策略最大的优势在于形成交易信号的判断规则较为严格,可以有效过滤掉非趋势性的假突破,真正捕捉到行情趋势转折点。具体来说,主要有以下几个方面:
多重通道及移动平均线组合,判断标准较严,可以减少误判概率。
K线顺序排列校验,避免单根异动K线产生错误信号。
结合价格变动率指标,可以判断是否进入盘整,避免错过反转机会。
加入量能指标判断,只有量随价一起出现才会产生信号,避免无效突破。
自适应止损机制,可以在保证止损的前提下,最大限度锁定趋势利润。
所以,该策略整体来说具有配置优化,决策严谨,止损自适应等特点,非常适合捕捉趋势行情。
风险分析
尽管该策略在过滤假突破和截取趋势方面做了很多优化,但仍存在一些风险需要注意:
参数设置过于复杂,不同参数组合效果差异较大,需要经过大量测试找到最佳参数,不当设置可能产生过多错误信号。
快速平均线和通道间隙过小时,容易产生频繁开仓平仓,不利于持久跟踪趋势。
自适应止损机制中止损幅度计算依赖简单标准差,对极端行情可能止损过小。
过于依赖技术指标,在基本面突发重大变化时难以响应。
该策略属于趋势跟踪策略,在盘整震荡市场中表现较差。
针对这些风险,建议采取以下措施加以控制:
做充分回测,确定最佳参数组合,也可以考虑使用机器学习等方法进行参数优化。
适当放宽通道间距,移平均线周期也可以适当加长,减少不必要开仓频率。
可以考虑引入对冲基金等更先进的波动率计算模型。
适时参考基本面信息,避免仅凭技术指标交易。
增加对市场状态的判断,在震荡市中暂停交易。
优化方向
该策略还有以下几点可以进一步优化:
增加机器学习算法,实现参数自动优化。可以记录不同市场环境下的参数表现,建立查询表,实现动态优化。
增加对市场状态的判断,如增加判断行情是趋势还是震荡的模块,在震荡市场中暂停交易,避免不必要损失。
优化止损策略,可以考虑跟踪止损、比例止损等其他止损方式。
加入基本面因素,当重大基本面事件发生时发出警告,避免仅凭技术指标造成损失。
进行组合优化,将该策略与其他非相关策略组合,可以进一步扩散风险。
加入量化交易框架,自动执行信号,并实现严格的风险控制。
总结
综上所述,该策略总体来说非常适合捕捉加密货币市场中的趋势机会。它使用多重通道及移动平均线产生交易信号,并有效地过滤掉了假突破的噪声,成功锁定了趋势利润。但仍需注意参数优化、止损方式、市场状态判断等问题。如果能够不断完善,有望获取稳定的投资回报。它为量化交易策略的设计提供了一个很好的示例。
策略源码
/*backtest
start: 2022-09-21 00:00:00
end: 2023-09-27 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
//@version=4
strategy("Extremely Overfit", overlay=true, commission_type=strategy.commission.percent, commission_value=.16, default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity, default_qty_value=100, pyramiding = 1)
price = close
goLong = input(title="go long?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
goShort = input(title="go short?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
//trendRestrict = input(title="basic trend restriction?", type=input.bool, defval=false)
dynamicRestrict = true //input(title="dynamic trend restriction?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
longtrendimpt = true //input(title="additional weight on long-term trends?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
volRestrict = true //input(title="volume restriction?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
conservativeClose = false //input(title="conservative order closing?", type=input.bool, defval=false)
Restrictiveness = input ( -40,step=10,title ="Restrictiveness (higher = make fewer trades)")
volatilityImportance = 3.2 //input( 3.2, step = 0.1, minval = 0)
fastChannelLength = input( 6 )
fastChannelMargin = input ( 3.2, step = 0.1, minval = 0)
slowChannelLength = input ( 6, step = 1, minval = 0)
slowChannelMargin = input ( 1.5, step = 0.1, minval = 0)
fastHMAlength = input (4, step = 1, minval = 0)
stopLoss = input( 3, step = 0.1, minval = 0)
//altClosePeriod = input( 27, step = 1, minval = 1)
//altCloseFactor = input( 4.9, step = 0.1)
stopLossFlexibility = 50 //input(50, step=10, title="effect of volatility on SL?")
volumeMAlength = 14 //input ( 14, step = 1, minval = 1)
volumeVolatilityCutoff = 3.8 // ( 3.8, step = 1, minval = 0)
trendSensitivity = 3.8 //input ( 3.8, step = 0.1)
obvLookback = 10 //input(10, step = 10, minval = 10)
obvCorrThreshold = 0.89 //input(0.89, step = 0.01)
ROClength = 80 //input( 80, step = 10)
ROCcutoff = 5.6 //input( 5.6, step=0.1)
trendRestrict = false
//trendLookback = input ( 360, step = 10, minval = 10)
//longTrendLookback = input(720, step = 10, minval = 10)
//longTrendImportance = input(1.5, step = 0.05)
trendLookback = 360
longTrendLookback = 720
longTrendImportance = 1.5
//conservativeness = input( 2.4, step = 0.1)
conservativeness = 0
//trendPower = input( 0, step=1)
trendPower = 0
//conservativenessLookback = input( 650, step = 10, minval = 0)
conservativenessLookback = 10
//consAffectFactor = input( 0.85,step=0.01)
consAffectFactor = 0.85
//volatilityLookback = input(50, step=1, minval=2)
volatilityLookback = int(50)
recentVol = stdev(price,volatilityLookback)/sqrt(volatilityLookback)
//price channel
fastChannel = ema(price, fastChannelLength)
fastChannelUB = fastChannel * (1 + (float(fastChannelMargin) / 1000)) + (recentVol * (float(volatilityImportance) * (1 + (Restrictiveness/100))))
fastChannelLB = fastChannel * (1 - (float(fastChannelMargin) / 1000)) - (recentVol * (float(volatilityImportance) * (1 + (Restrictiveness/100))))
fchU = ((fastChannelUB < open) and (fastChannelUB < close))
fchL = ((fastChannelLB > open) and (fastChannelLB > close))
//plot(fastChannelUB)
//plot(fastChannelLB)
//slow channel
//slowChannelLBmargin = input ( 2, step = 0.1, minval = 0 )
slowChannel = ema(ema(price,slowChannelLength),slowChannelLength)
slowChannelUB = slowChannel * (1 + (float(slowChannelMargin) / 2000)) + (recentVol * (float(volatilityImportance) * (1 + (Restrictiveness/100))))
slowChannelLB = slowChannel * (1 - (float(slowChannelMargin) / 2000)) - (recentVol * (float(volatilityImportance) * (1 + (Restrictiveness/100))))
schU = ((slowChannelUB < close))
schL = ((slowChannelLB > close))
cschU = (((slowChannelUB * (1 + conservativeness)) < close))
cschL = (((slowChannelUB * (1 - conservativeness)) > close))
//plot(slowChannel,color = #00FF00)
//plot(slowChannelUB,color = #00FF00)
//plot(slowChannelLB,color = #00FF00)
fastHMA = hma(price,fastHMAlength)
fastAboveUB = (fastHMA > slowChannelUB)
fastBelowLB = (fastHMA < slowChannelLB)
//plot(fastHMA, color = #FF0000, linewidth = 2)
//consecutive candles
//consecutiveCandlesReq = input(1, step = 1, minval = 1, maxval = 4)
consecutiveCandlesReq = 1
consecutiveBullReq = float(consecutiveCandlesReq)
consecutiveBearReq = float(consecutiveCandlesReq)
cbull = ((close[0] > close[1]) and (consecutiveBullReq == 1)) or (((close[0] > close[1]) and (close[1] > close[2])) and consecutiveBullReq == 2) or (((close[0] > close[1]) and (close[1] > close[2]) and (close[2] > close[3])) and consecutiveBullReq == 3) or (((close[0] > close[1]) and (close[1] > close[2]) and (close[2] > close[3]) and (close[3] > close[4])) and consecutiveBullReq == 4)
cbear = ((close[0] < close[1]) and (consecutiveBearReq == 1)) or (((close[0] < close[1]) and (close[1] < close[2])) and consecutiveBearReq == 2) or (((close[0] < close[1]) and (close[1] < close[2]) and (close[2] < close[3])) and consecutiveBearReq == 3) or (((close[0] < close[1]) and (close[1] < close[2]) and (close[2] < close[3]) and (close[3] < close[4])) and consecutiveBearReq == 4)
//trend detection
//trendCutoff = input(0, step = 0.1)
trendCutoff = 0
trendDetectionPct = float(trendCutoff/100)
trendVal = float((close[0] - close[trendLookback])/close[0])
trendUp = (trendVal > (0 + trendDetectionPct))
trendDown = (trendVal < (0 - trendDetectionPct))
//plot(trendVal+36.5,linewidth=2)
// peak indicators
peakHigh = ((fastHMA > fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelLB > slowChannelUB))
peakLow = ((fastHMA < fastChannelLB) and (fastChannelUB < slowChannelLB))
TpeakHigh = (fastHMA > fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelUB > slowChannelUB)
TpeakLow = (fastHMA < fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelLB < slowChannelLB)
//TpeakHigh = (fastHMA > fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelLB > avg(slowChannelUB,slowChannelLB))
//TpeakLow = (fastHMA < fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelUB < avg(slowChannelLB,slowChannelUB))
//TpeakHigh = ((crossover(fastHMA,fastChannelUB)) and (fastChannelLB > slowChannelUB))
//TpeakLow = ((crossover(fastChannelLB,fastHMA)) and (fastChannelUB < slowChannelLB))
//TpeakHigh = (fastHMA > (fastChannelUB * (1 + (trendPower/800)))) and (fastChannelUB > (slowChannelUB * (1 + (trendPower/800))))
//TpeakLow = (fastHMA < (fastChannelUB * (1 - (trendPower/800)))) and (fastChannelLB < (slowChannelLB * (1 - (trendPower/800))))
//TpeakHigh = (fastHMA > (fastChannelUB * (1 + (trendPower/800)))) and (avg(fastChannelUB,fastChannelLB) > (slowChannelUB * (1 + (trendPower/800))))
//TpeakLow = (fastHMA < (fastChannelUB * (1 - (trendPower/800)))) and (avg(fastChannelLB,fastChannelUB) < (slowChannelLB * (1 - (trendPower/800))))
//plot(fastChannelUB * (1 + (trendPower/700)), color=#FF69B4)
// and for closing...
closeLong = (crossover(fastHMA,fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelLB > slowChannelUB))
closeShort = (crossover(fastChannelLB,fastHMA) and (fastChannelUB < slowChannelLB))
//closeLong = (crossover(fastHMA,fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelLB > slowChannelUB)) or (roc(price,altClosePeriod) > altCloseFactor)
//closeShort = (crossover(fastChannelLB,fastHMA) and (fastChannelUB < slowChannelLB)) or (roc(price,altClosePeriod) < (altCloseFactor) * -1)
//closeLong = (crossover(fastHMA,fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelLB > slowChannelUB)) or (((price - fastChannelUB) > (altCloseFactor * abs(((fastChannelUB - fastChannelLB)/2) - ((slowChannelUB - slowChannelLB)/2)))) and (fastChannelLB > slowChannelUB))
//closeShort = (crossover(fastChannelLB,fastHMA) and (fastChannelUB < slowChannelLB)) or (((fastChannelLB - price) > (altCloseFactor * abs(((fastChannelUB - fastChannelLB)/2) - ((slowChannelUB - slowChannelLB)/2)))) and (fastChannelUB < slowChannelLB))
//closeLong = crossover(fastHMA,fastChannelUB) and ((fastChannelLB[0] - fastChannelLB[1]) < (slowChannelUB[0] - slowChannelUB[1]))
//closeShort = crossover(fastChannelLB,fastHMA) and ((fastChannelUB[0] - fastChannelUB[1]) > (slowChannelLB[0] - slowChannelLB[1]))
//stop-loss
priceDev = stdev(price,trendLookback) * (1 + stopLossFlexibility/5)
stopLossMod = stopLoss * (1 + (priceDev/price))
//longStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - (stopLoss/100))
//shortStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + (stopLoss/100))
longStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - (stopLossMod/100))
shortStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + (stopLossMod/100))
// volume
volumeMA = ema(volume,volumeMAlength)
volumeDecrease = ((not volRestrict ) or (volumeMA[0] < ema(volumeMA[1] * (1 - (volumeVolatilityCutoff/100)),5)))
volumeCutoff = ema(volumeMA[1] * (1 - (volumeVolatilityCutoff/100)),5)
//plot(volumeMA)
//plot(volumeCutoff)
// detect volatility
//trendinessLookback = input ( 600, step = 10, minval = 0)
trendinessLookback = trendLookback
trendiness = (stdev(price,trendinessLookback)/price) * (1 - (Restrictiveness/100))
longtermTrend = ((price - price[longTrendLookback])/price)
//dynamicTrendDetected = (dynamicRestrict and (abs(trendiness * 100) < trendSensitivity))
dynamicTrendDetected = (longtrendimpt and (dynamicRestrict and (abs(trendiness * 100) < (trendSensitivity+(longtermTrend * longTrendImportance))))) or (not longtrendimpt and ((dynamicRestrict and (abs(trendiness * 100) < trendSensitivity))))
// adapt conservativeness to volatility
//consVal = sma(((stdev(price,conservativenessLookback))/price)*100,25)
consVal = sma(((stdev(price,conservativenessLookback))/price)*100,25)
cVnorm = sma(avg(consVal,3),60)
cVal = consVal - cVnorm
//conservativenessMod = conservativeness * (cVal * consAffectFactor)
conservativenessMod = conservativeness * (consVal * consAffectFactor)
//plot(consVal,linewidth=4)
//plot(cVnorm,color = #00FF00)
//plot(cVal,linewidth=2)
// ROC cutoff (for CLOSING)
//rocCloseLong = (ema(roc(price,ROClength),10) > ROCcutoff)
//rocCloseShort = (ema(roc(price,ROClength),10) < (ROCcutoff * -1))
ROCval = roc(price,ROClength)
ROCema = ema(ROCval,30)
ROCabs = abs(ROCema)
ROCallow = ROCabs < ROCcutoff
ROCallowLong = (ROCabs < ROCcutoff) or ((ROCabs >= ROCcutoff) and ((fastChannelLB < slowChannelLB) and (fastHMA < fastChannelLB)))
ROCallowShort = (ROCabs < ROCcutoff) or ((ROCabs >= ROCcutoff) and ((fastChannelUB > slowChannelUB) and (fastHMA > fastChannelUB)))
//plot(ROCallow)
// obv
evidence_obv = (correlation(price,obv[0],obvLookback))
obvAllow = evidence_obv > obvCorrThreshold
//if (not na(vrsi))
if trendRestrict or dynamicTrendDetected
//if (strategy.position_size == 0)
if not (strategy.position_size < 0)
if trendUp
//if cbear and schL and fchL and trendUp and goLong
if cbear and TpeakLow and volumeDecrease and ROCallow and goLong and obvAllow
//if cbear and peakLow and rocHigh and volumeDecrease and goLong
strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long, comment="Long")
if not (strategy.position_size > 0)
if trendDown
//if cbull and schU and fchU and trendDown and goShort
if cbull and TpeakHigh and volumeDecrease and ROCallow and goShort and obvAllow
//if cbull and peakHigh and rocLow and volumeDecrease and goShort
strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short, comment="Short")
else
//if (strategy.position_size == 0)
if not (strategy.position_size < 0)
//if cbear and peakLow and goLong
//if cbear and peakLow and volumeDecrease and ROCallow and goLong
if TpeakLow and goLong and obvAllow
strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long, comment="Long")
if not (strategy.position_size > 0)
//if cbull and peakHigh and goShort
//if cbull and peakHigh and volumeDecrease and ROCallow and goShort
if TpeakHigh and goShort and obvAllow
strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short, comment="Short")
if conservativeClose
//pkHigh = ((fastHMA > fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelUB > (slowChannelUB * (1 + conservativeness/1000))))
//pkLow = ((fastHMA < fastChannelLB) and (fastChannelLB < (slowChannelLB * (1 - conservativeness/1000))))
//pkHigh = ((fastHMA > fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelUB > (slowChannelUB * (1 + conservativenessMod/1000))))
//pkLow = ((fastHMA < fastChannelLB) and (fastChannelLB < (slowChannelLB * (1 - conservativenessMod/1000))))
pkHigh = ((fastHMA > fastChannelUB) and (fastChannelUB > (slowChannelUB * (1 + ((conservativenessMod/1000) * (1 - Restrictiveness/100))))))
pkLow = ((fastHMA < fastChannelLB) and (fastChannelLB < (slowChannelLB * (1 - ((conservativenessMod/1000) * (1 - Restrictiveness/100))))))
if (strategy.position_size > 0)
//if fastAboveUB
//if pkHigh and closeLong
if closeLong
strategy.close("Long", comment="closeLong")
if (strategy.position_size < 0)
//if fastBelowLB
//if pkLow and closeShort
if closeShort
strategy.close("Short", comment="closeShort")
else
if (strategy.position_size > 0)
//if fastAboveUB
if peakHigh
strategy.close("Long", comment="closeLong")
if (strategy.position_size < 0)
//if fastBelowLB
if peakLow
strategy.close("Short", comment="closeShort")
if (strategy.position_size > 0)
strategy.exit(id="Long", stop=longStopPrice, comment="stopLong")
if (strategy.position_size < 0)
strategy.exit(id="Short", stop=shortStopPrice, comment="stopShort")
//plot(strategy.equity, title="equity", color=color.red, linewidth=2, style=plot.style_areabr)