ChaoZhang
本策略通过组合不同指标识别价格Movement中的潜在低点,并通过金字塔追踪逐步建仓的方式降低风险。该策略同时结合了止损、止盈、移动止损等功能,可以有效控制风险。
策略概述
该策略首先使用RSI和EMA RSI的差值来识别价格的潜在低点。为了过滤假信号,策略还结合了移动平均线和多时间框架随机指标进行确认。一旦确认低点信号,就会在该点稍低的位置逐步建立多单,这就是追踪金字塔的思路。策略允许最多开设12个追踪订单,每个订单的数量会按顺序递增,这可以有效分散风险。所有订单会跟随一个整体止损位进行退出,同时还允许为每个订单单独设置止盈。为了进一步控制风险,该策略还设置了基于账户权益百分比的整体止损。
策略原理
该策略主要由低点识别模块、金字塔追踪模块、风险控制模块三个部分组成。
低点识别模块使用RSI指标和其EMA之间的差值来识别价格的潜在低点。为了提高准确性,还引入了移动平均线指标和多时间框架随机指标进行信号过滤。只有当价格低于移动平均线,而随机指标K线又低于30时,才会确认低点信号的有效性。
金字塔追踪模块是本策略的核心。一旦确认低点信号,策略就会在比该低点再低0.1%的位置开设第一单。之后只要价格继续下跌且低于平均入场价一定比例,就会继续追加多单。新增订单的数量会依次递增,例如第三个订单的数量是第一个订单的3倍。这种金字塔追踪方式可以平均风险。本策略最多允许开设12个追踪订单。
风险控制模块主要包括三个方面。第一是整体止损,根据最近一定周期内最高价计算的止损位。所有订单会跟随这个止损位同时止损。第二是每个订单独立的止盈设置,允许按照入场价的一定比例来止盈。第三是基于账户权益比例的整体止损,这是最强的风险控制手段。
策略优势
- 利用金字塔追踪降低个别订单的风险,同时分散总体风险
- 多指标组合提高低点识别的准确性
- 整体止损、止盈和移动止损功能能有效控制风险
- 权益比例止损机制保护账户免受重大损失
- 可通过调整参数找到风险与收益的平衡点
策略风险
- 低点识别准确性仍有一定局限,可能错过最佳入场点或进入假信号
- 追加订单时可能面临不利行情,加重亏损
- 需要较长的运行周期来体现策略的优势
- 参数设置不当可能导致风险控制不足
为降低上述风险,可以从以下几个方面进行优化:
- 更换或增加指标,提高低点识别的准确性
- 优化订单数量、间隔、止盈幅度等参数,减少单笔订单的风险
- 适当缩短止损幅度,保护利润
- 测试不同品种,选择流动性好、波动较大的品种
策略优化方向
该策略仍有进一步优化的空间:
- 尝试引入机器学习等更先进的技术识别低点
- 根据市场状态动态调整订单数量、止损幅度等参数
- 增加箱体内止损策略,避免亏损扩大
- 增加重新入场机制
- 优化股票和数字货币品种的策略参数
总结
本策略通过金字塔追踪的思路有效降低了单笔订单的风险,整体止损、止盈、移动止损等功能也起到了很好的风险控制作用。但低点识别等方面仍有优化空间,如果能引入更先进的技术,增加动态调参功能,再配合参数优化,本策略的收益风险比将会得到大幅提升。
策略源码
/*backtest
start: 2022-12-15 00:00:00
end: 2023-12-21 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © A3Sh
//@version=5
// Strategy that finds potential lows in the price action and spreads the risk by entering multiple positions at these lows.
// The low is detected based on the difference between MTF RSI and EMA based RSI, Moving Average and MTF Stochastic indicators.
// The size of each next position that is entered is multiplied by the sequential number of the position.
// Each separate position can exit when a specified take profit is triggered and re-open when detecting a new potential low.
// All positions are closed when the price action crosses over the dynamic blue stop level line.
// This strategy combines open-source code developed by fellow Tradingview community members:
// The Lowfinder code is developed by RafaelZioni
// https://www.tradingview.com/script/GzKq2RVl-Low-finder/
// Both the MTF RSI code and the MTF Stochastic code are adapted from the MTFindicators libary written by Peter_O
// https://www.tradingview.com/script/UUVWSpXR-MTFindicators/
// The Stop Level calculation is inspired by the syminfo-mintick tutorial on Kodify.net
// https://kodify.net/tradingview/info/syminfo-mintick/
strategy("LowFinder_PyraMider",
overlay=true, pyramiding=99,
precision=2,
initial_capital=10000,
default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity,
default_qty_value=10,
commission_type=strategy.commission.percent,
commission_value=0.06,
slippage=1
)
// Backtest Window
start_time = input(defval=timestamp("01 April 2021 20:00"), group = "Backtest Window", title="Start Time")
end_time = input(defval=timestamp("01 Aug 2030 20:00"), group = "Backtest Window", title="End Time")
window() => true
// Inputs
portfolio_size = input.float (100, group = 'Risk - Portfolio', title = 'Portfolio %', step=1.0) / 100
leverage = input.int (1, group = 'Risk - Portfolio', title = 'Leverage', minval = 1)
q_mode = input.string ('multiply', group = 'Risk - Order Size', title = 'Order Size Mode', options = ['base', 'multiply'], tooltip = 'Base mode: the base quantiy for each sequential order. Multiply mode: each quantity is multiplied by order number')
q_mode_m = input.int (1, group = 'Risk - Order Size', title = 'Order Size Divider (Multiply Mode)', tooltip = 'Divide Multiply by this number to lower the sequential order sizes')
fixed_q = input.bool (false, group = 'Risk - Order Size', title = 'Fixed Order Size', inline = '01', tooltip = 'Use with caution! Overrides all Risk calculations')
amount_q = input.float (1, group = 'Risk - Order Size', title = '. . Base Currency:', inline = '01')
sl_on = input.bool (false, group = 'Risk - Stop Loss', title = 'StopLoss of', inline = '03')
stopLoss = input.float (1.5, group = 'Risk - Stop Loss', title = '', step=0.1, inline = '03') / 100
sl_mode = input.string ('equity', group = 'Risk - Stop Loss', title = '% of', options = ['avg_price', 'equity'], inline = '03')
stop_len = input.int (100, group = 'Risk - Stop Level', title = 'Stop Level Length', tooltip = 'Lookback most recent highest high')
stop_deviation = input.float (0.3, group = 'Risk - Stop Level', title = 'Deviatation % above Stop Level', step=0.1) / 100
cond2_toggle = input.bool (true , group = 'Risk - Take Profit', title = 'Take Profit/Trailing Stop', inline = '04')
tp_all = input.float (1.0, group = 'Risk - Take Profit', title = '..........%', step=0.1, inline = '04') / 100
tp_on = input.bool (true, group = 'Risk - Take Profit', title = 'Exit Crossover Take Profit and .....', inline = '02')
exit_mode = input.string ('stoplevel', group = 'Risk - Take Profit', title = '', options = ['close', 'stoplevel'], inline = '02')
takeProfit = input.float (10.0, group = 'Risk - Take Profit', title = 'Take Profit % per Order', tooltip = 'Each separate order exits when hit', step=0.1)
posCount = input.int (12, group = 'Pyramiding Settings', title = 'Max Number of Orders')
next_entry = input.float (0.2, group = 'Pyramiding Settings', title = 'Next Order % below Avg. Price', step=0.1)
oa_lookback = input.int (0, group = 'Pyramiding Settings', title = 'Next Order after X candles', tooltip = 'Prevents opening too much orders in a Row')
len_rsi = input.int (5, group = 'MTF LowFinder Settings', title = 'Lookback of RSI')
mtf_rsi = input.int (1, group = 'MTF LowFinder Settings', title = 'Higher TimeFrame Multiplier RSI', tooltip='Multiplies the current timeframe by specified value')
ma_length = input.int (26, group = 'MTF LowFinder Settings', title = 'MA Length / Sensitivity')
new_entry = input.float (0.1, group = 'MTF LowFinder Settings', title = 'First Order % below Low',step=0.1, tooltip = 'Open % lower then the found low')/100
ma_signal = input.int (100, group = 'Moving Average Filter', title = 'Moving Average Length')
periodK = input.int (14, group = 'MTF Stochastic Filter', title = 'K', minval=1)
periodD = input.int (3, group = 'MTF Stochastic Filter', title = 'D', minval=1)
smoothK = input.int (3, group = 'MTF Stochastic Filter', title = 'Smooth', minval=1)
lower = input.int (30, group = 'MTF Stochastic Filter', title = 'MTF Stoch Filter (above gets filtered)')
mtf_stoch = input.int (10, group = 'MTF Stochastic Filter', title = 'Higher TimeFrame Multiplier', tooltip='Multiplies the current timeframe by specified value')
avg_on = input.bool (true, group = 'Plots', title = 'Plot Average Price')
plot_ma = input.bool (false, group = 'Plots', title = 'Plot Moving Average')
plot_ts = input.bool (false, group = 'Plots', title = 'Plot Trailing Stop Level')
// variables //
var entry_price = 0.0 // The entry price of the first entry
var previous_entry = 0.0 // Stores the price of the previous entry
var iq = 0.0 // Inititial order quantity before risk calculation
var nq = 0.0 // Updated new quantity after the loop
var oq = 0.0 // Old quantity at the beginning or the loop
var q = 0.0 // Final calculated quantity used as base order size
var int order_after = 0
// Order size calaculations //
// Order size based on max amount of pyramiding orders or fixed by user input ///
// Order size calculation based on 'base' mode or ' multiply' mode //
if fixed_q
q := amount_q
else if q_mode == 'multiply'
iq := (math.abs(strategy.equity * portfolio_size / posCount) / open) * leverage
oq := iq
for i = 0 to posCount
nq := oq + (iq * ( i/ q_mode_m + 1))
oq := nq
q := (iq * posCount / oq) * iq
else
q := (math.abs(strategy.equity * portfolio_size / posCount) / open) * leverage
// Function to calcaulate final order size based on order size modes and round the result with 1 decimal //
quantity_mode(index,string q_mode) =>
q_mode == 'base' ? math.round(q,1) : q_mode == 'multiply' ? math.round(q * (index/q_mode_m + 1),1) : na
// LowFinder Calculations //
// MTF RSI by Peter_O //
rsi_mtf(float source, simple int mtf,simple int len) =>
change_mtf=source-source[mtf]
up_mtf = ta.rma(math.max(change_mtf, 0), len*mtf)
down_mtf = ta.rma(-math.min(change_mtf, 0), len*mtf)
rsi_mtf = down_mtf == 0 ? 100 : up_mtf == 0 ? 0 : 100 - (100 / (1 + up_mtf / down_mtf))
// Lowfinder by RafaelZioni //
vrsi = rsi_mtf(close,mtf_rsi,len_rsi)
pp=ta.ema(vrsi,ma_length)
dd=(vrsi-pp)*5
cc=(vrsi+dd+pp)/2
lows=ta.crossover(cc,0)
// MTF Stoch Calcualation // MTF Stoch adapted from Peter_O //
stoch_mtfK(source, mtf, len) =>
k = ta.sma(ta.stoch(source, high, low, periodK * mtf), smoothK * mtf)
stoch_mtfD(source, mtf, len) =>
k = ta.sma(ta.stoch(source, high, low, periodK * mtf), smoothK * mtf)
d = ta.sma(k, periodD * mtf)
mtfK = stoch_mtfK(close, mtf_stoch, periodK)
mtfD = stoch_mtfD(close, mtf_stoch, periodK)
// Open next position % below average position price //
below_avg = close < (strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - (next_entry / 100)))
// Moving Average Filter //
moving_average_signal = ta.sma(close, ma_signal)
plot (plot_ma ? moving_average_signal : na, title = 'Moving Average', color = color.rgb(154, 255, 72))
// Buy Signal //
buy_signal = lows and close < moving_average_signal and mtfK < lower
// First Entry % Below lows //
if buy_signal
entry_price := close * (1 - new_entry)
// Plot Average Price of Position//
plot (avg_on ? strategy.position_avg_price : na, title = 'Average Price', style = plot.style_linebr, color = color.new(color.white,0), linewidth = 1)
// Take profit per Open Order //
take_profit_price = close * takeProfit / 100 / syminfo.mintick
// Calculate different Stop Level conditions to exit All //
// Stop Level Caculation //
stop_long1_level = ta.highest (high, stop_len)[1] * (1 + stop_deviation)
stop_long2_level = ta.highest (high, stop_len)[2] * (1 + stop_deviation)
stop_long3_level = ta.highest (high, stop_len)[3] * (1 + stop_deviation)
stop_long4_level = ta.highest (high, stop_len)[1] * (1 - 0.008)
// Stop triggers //
stop_long1 = ta.crossover(close,stop_long1_level)
stop_long2 = ta.crossover(close,stop_long2_level)
stop_long4 = ta.crossunder(close,stop_long4_level)
// Exit Conditions, cond 1 only Stop Level, cond2 Trailing Stop option //
exit_condition_1 = close < strategy.position_avg_price ? stop_long1 : close > strategy.position_avg_price ? stop_long2 : na
exit_condition_2 = close < strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + tp_all) ? stop_long2 :
close > strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + tp_all) ? stop_long4 :
close < strategy.position_avg_price ? stop_long1 : na
// Switch between conditions //
exit_conditions = cond2_toggle ? exit_condition_2 : exit_condition_1
// Exit when take profit //
ex_m = exit_mode == 'close' ? close : stop_long2_level
tp_exit = ta.crossover(ex_m, strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + tp_all)) and close > strategy.position_avg_price * 1.002
// Plot stoplevel, take profit level //
plot_stop_level = strategy.position_size > 0 ? stop_long2_level : na
plot_trailing_stop = cond2_toggle and plot_ts and strategy.position_size > 0 and close > strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + tp_all) ? stop_long4_level : na
plot(plot_stop_level, title = 'Stop Level', style=plot.style_linebr, color = color.new(#41e3ff, 0), linewidth = 1)
plot(plot_trailing_stop, title = 'Trailing Stop', style=plot.style_linebr, color = color.new(#4cfca4, 0), linewidth = 1)
plot_tp_level = cond2_toggle and strategy.position_size > 0 ? strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + tp_all) : na
plot(plot_tp_level, title = 'Take Profit Level', style=plot.style_linebr, color = color.new(#ff41df, 0), linewidth = 1)
// Calculate Stop Loss based on equity and average price //
loss_equity = ((strategy.position_size * strategy.position_avg_price) - (strategy.equity * stopLoss)) / strategy.position_size
loss_avg_price = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - stopLoss)
stop_loss = sl_mode == 'avg_price' ? loss_avg_price : loss_equity
plot(strategy.position_size > 0 and sl_on ? stop_loss : na, title = 'Stop Loss', color=color.new(color.red,0),style=plot.style_linebr, linewidth = 1)
// Enter first position //
if ta.crossunder(close,entry_price) and window() and strategy.position_size == 0
strategy.entry('L_1', strategy.long, qty = math.round(q,1), comment = '+' + str.tostring(math.round(q,1)))
previous_entry := close
// Enter next pyramiding positions //
if buy_signal and window() and strategy.position_size > 0 and below_avg
order_after := order_after + 1
for i = 1 to strategy.opentrades
entry_comment = '+' + str.tostring((quantity_mode(i,q_mode))) // Comment with variable //
if strategy.opentrades == i and i < posCount and order_after > oa_lookback
entry_price := close
entry_id = 'L_' + str.tostring(i + 1)
strategy.entry(id = entry_id, direction=strategy.long, limit=entry_price, qty= quantity_mode(i,q_mode), comment = entry_comment)
previous_entry := entry_price
order_after := 0
// Exit per Position //
if strategy.opentrades > 0 and window()
for i = 0 to strategy.opentrades
exit_comment = '-' + str.tostring(strategy.opentrades.size(i))
exit_from = 'L_' + str.tostring(i + 1)
exit_id = 'Exit_' + str.tostring(i + 1)
strategy.exit(id= exit_id, from_entry= exit_from, profit = take_profit_price, comment = exit_comment)
// Exit All //
if exit_conditions or (tp_exit and tp_on and cond2_toggle) and window()
strategy.close_all('Exti All')
entry_price := 0
if ta.crossunder(close,stop_loss) and sl_on and window()
strategy.close_all('StopLoss')
entry_price := 0