Cet article présente une stratégie de trading quantitative qui combine une moyenne mobile simple (SMA) et une moyenne mobile adaptative (ALMA).
I. Principe de stratégie
Le noyau de cette stratégie est la combinaison de SMA et ALMA avec des paramètres différents. SMA est un indicateur de suivi de tendance très courant qui montre la direction et l'élan de la tendance en calculant la moyenne arithmétique des prix de clôture sur une période de temps.
La stratégie calcule d'abord trois SMA représentant respectivement les tendances à court terme, à moyen terme et à long terme. En même temps, elle calcule trois ALMA pour représenter les moyennes mobiles à différents délais. Les croisements entre SMA et ALMA forment plusieurs ensembles d'indicateurs. Lorsque le SMA à court terme traverse le SMA à moyen terme, un signal d'achat est généré. Lorsque le SMA à court terme traverse le SMA à moyen terme, un signal de vente est généré. Avec les paramètres réglables d'ALMA, les signaux peuvent répondre au marché plus rapidement.
En outre, l'indice de force relative (RSI) est introduit pour aider à identifier les conditions de surachat et de survente. Lorsque l'indice de force relative est supérieur au seuil de surachat, le marché est considéré comme suracheté. Dans ce cas, même si le SMA et l'ALMA génèrent des signaux d'achat, ils peuvent être trompeurs. De même, lorsque l'indice de force relative (RSI) est inférieur à la ligne de survente, les signaux de vente des indicateurs peuvent manquer des rebonds.
En utilisant de manière exhaustive les paramètres de SMA, ALMA et RSI, ainsi que les combinaisons croisées entre les indicateurs de différents paramètres, des signaux de stratégie de trading relativement sensibles peuvent être formés.
II. Avantages de la stratégie
Le plus grand avantage de cette stratégie est la combinaison flexible et l'application des paramètres des indicateurs. Les deux SMA et ALMA sont flexibles dans l'ajustement des paramètres pour représenter différents types de moyennes mobiles.
Comparé à un seul indicateur SMA, ALMA améliore la sensibilité aux changements du marché et peut répondre plus rapidement aux renversements de tendance.
Un autre avantage est la diversité des sources de signaux de la stratégie. Les interactions entre les SMA et les ALMA à différents délais fournissent des références multicouches pour la stratégie. Cela peut filtrer le bruit aléatoire du marché dans une certaine mesure et rendre les signaux plus fiables.
En général, cette stratégie a des paramètres flexibles et génère des signaux stables, ce qui la rend adaptée au trading algorithmique sur différents produits.
III. Risques potentiels
Bien que cette stratégie présente certains avantages, il y a encore quelques risques à prendre en compte lors de son application pratique.
Premièrement, les problèmes d'optimisation excessive causés par les paramètres d'indicateur. SMA, ALMA et RSI sont librement réglables, mais un réglage inapproprié peut entraîner une sur-optimisation et une incapacité à s'adapter aux changements structurels à long terme du marché.
Deuxièmement, les signaux de stratégie peuvent être retardés. Bien qu'ALMA réponde plus rapidement que la SMA, il y a encore un certain retard. Dans les marchés en évolution rapide, cela peut entraîner une perte du moment d'entrée optimal. Ici, nous pouvons envisager de combiner certains indicateurs de pointe pour optimiser.
Enfin, il faut faire attention aux signaux contradictoires provenant de multiples indicateurs. À certains moments, différents indicateurs peuvent donner des indications contradictoires.
En résumé, cette stratégie n'est pas parfaite et nécessite toujours un ajustement et une optimisation continus dans la pratique.
IV. Résumé
Dans cet article, nous avons présenté en détail une stratégie de trading quantitative qui combine SMA, ALMA et RSI. Grâce à des combinaisons flexibles d'indicateurs, elle forme des signaux sensibles aux marchés. Par rapport aux indicateurs individuels, elle a une plus grande adaptabilité et des capacités de filtrage du bruit. Mais nous devons également prêter attention à des problèmes potentiels tels que la sur-optimisation, le décalage du signal et les erreurs de jugement. Dans l'ensemble, cette stratégie est raisonnablement construite et peut générer des signaux de trading algorithmiques stables grâce à une optimisation continue.
/*backtest start: 2023-09-06 00:00:00 end: 2023-09-13 00:00:00 period: 5m basePeriod: 1m exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}] */ //The plotchar UP/DOWN Arrows is the crossover of the fastest MA and fastest IIR MAs // //The dots at the bottom are the two simple averages crossing over // //The count over/under the candles is the count of bars that the SMAs on their //respective resolution are fanning out. // //The colored background indicates a squeeze, lime=kinda tight : green=very tight squeeze. based on the 3 IIRs // //To answer my own question in a forum, looking at the code, i couldn't figure out how to get it from another timeframe //and run the same calculations with the same results. My answer in the end was to scale the chosen MA length //in the corresponding CurrentPeriod/ChosenMAPeriod proportion. This results in the same line in the same place when browsing through the //different time resolutions. Somebody might find this invaluable // //The counts are for MA's fanning out, or going parabolic. Theres IIRs, Almas, one done of the other. A lot. //The arrows above and below bars are from standard RSI numbers for OB/OS // //The IIRs changes color depending on their slope, which can be referenced easily with a variable. // //The backgrond on a bar-by-bar basis is colored when 2 sets of moving averages are in a squeeze, aka //when price is consolidating. // //This aims to help the trader combine conditions and entry criteria of the trade and explore these options visually. //They detail things from all time-frames on the current one. I prefer it because of the fractal nature of price-action, both large and small, //either yesterday or last year. For best results, go long in short-term trades when the long-term trend is also up. //and other profitable insights. This is also a great example of an automation algorith. // //The pretty ribbon is my script called 'Trading With Colors'. Use them together for fanciest results. 55/233 is my Fib Cross (golden/death) Compare it to the classic 50/200 if //you get bored. I believe it simply works better, at least for Crypto. // //Evidently, I am a day-trader. But this yields higher profits on larger time-frames anyways, so do play around with it. Find what works for you. //Thanks and credit for code snippets goes to: //matryskowal //ChrisMoody, probably twice //Alex Orekhov (everget) //author=LucF and midtownsk8rguy, for PineCoders //If you use code from this, real quick search for perhaps the original and give them a shoutout too. I may have missed something //Author: Sean Duffy //@version=4 strategy(title = "Combination Parabolic MA/IIR/ALMA Strategy", shorttitle = "MA-QuickE", overlay = true, backtest_fill_limits_assumption = 0, default_qty_type = strategy.cash, default_qty_value = 1000, initial_capital = 1000, currency = currency.USD, linktoseries = true) // calc_on_order_fills = true, // calc_on_every_tick = true, // Input Variables showFIBMAs = input(false, type=input.bool, title="═══════════════ Show Fibby MAs ═══════════════") maRes = input(960, type=input.integer, title="MA-Cross Resolution") mal1 = input(8, type=input.integer, title="MA#1 Length") mal2 = input(13, type=input.integer, title="MA#2 Length") mal3 = input(34, type=input.integer, title="MA#3 Length") loosePercentClose = input(1.1, type=input.float, title="SMA LooseSqueeze Percent") showIIRs = input(false, type=input.bool, title="═══════════════════ Show IIRs ═══════════════════") iirRes = input(60, type=input.integer, title="IIR Resolution") percentClose = input(title="IIR Squeeze PercentClose", type=input.float, defval=.8) iirlength1 = input(title="IIR Length 1", type=input.integer, defval=34) iirlength2 = input(title="IIR Length 2", type=input.integer, defval=144)//input(title="ATR Period", type=input.integer, defval=1) iirlength3 = input(title="IIR Length 3", type=input.integer, defval=720)//input(title="ATR Period", type=input.integer, defval=1) showIIR1 = input(true, type=input.bool, title="Show IIR1") showIIR2 = input(true, type=input.bool, title="Show IIR2") showIIR3 = input(true, type=input.bool, title="Show IIR3") showCounts = input(true, type=input.bool, title="═════════════ Show Parabolic MA Counts ════════════") showSignals = input(true, type=input.bool, title="══════════════ Show Buy/Sell Signals ══════════════") showBackground = input(true, type=input.bool, title="══════════════ Show Background Colors ══════════════") //runStrategy = input(true, type=input.bool, title="══════════════ Run Strategy ══════════════") debug = input(false, type=input.bool, title="══════════════ Show Debug ══════════════") barLookbackPeriod = input(title="══ Bar Lookback Period ══", type=input.integer, defval=5) percentageLookbackPeriod = input(title="══ Percentage Lookback Period ══", type=input.integer, defval=1) bullcolor = color.green bearcolor = color.red color bgcolor = na var bool slope1Green = na var bool slope2Green = na var bool slope3Green = na var bool buySignal = na var bool sellSignal = na var bool bigbuySignal = na var bool bigsellSignal = na bool smbuySignal = false bool smsellSignal = false var bool insqueeze = na var bool intightsqueeze = na var bool infastsqueeze = na var bool awaitingEntryIn = false // My counting variables var int count1 = 0 var float madist1 = 0 var int count2 = 0 var float madist2 = 0 var int sinceSmSignal = 0 var entryPrice = 0.0 var entryBarIndex = 0 var stopLossPrice = 0.0 // var updatedEntryPrice = 0.0 // var alertOpenPosition = false // var alertClosePosition = false // var label stopLossPriceLabel = na // var line stopLossPriceLine = na positionType = "LONG" // Strategy type, and the only current option hasOpenPosition = strategy.opentrades != 0 hasNoOpenPosition = strategy.opentrades == 0 strategyClose() => if (hasOpenPosition) if positionType == "LONG" strategy.close("LONG", when=true) else strategy.close("SHORT", when=true) strategyOpen() => if (hasNoOpenPosition) if positionType == "LONG" strategy.entry("LONG", strategy.long, when=true) else strategy.entry("SHORT", strategy.short, when=true) checkEntry() => buysignal = false if (hasNoOpenPosition) strategyOpen() buysignal := true // if (slope1Green and (trend1Green or trend2Green) and awaitingEntryIn and hasNoOpenPosition) // strategyOpen() // buysignal := true buysignal checkExit() => sellsignal = false // if (trend1Green == false and trend2Green == false) // to later have quicker exit strategy // sellsignal := true // strategyClose() if (hasOpenPosition) sellsignal := true strategyClose() sellsignal multiplier(_adjRes, _adjLength) => // returns adjusted length multiplier = _adjRes/timeframe.multiplier round(_adjLength*multiplier) //reset the var variables before new calculations buySignal := false sellSignal := false smbuySignal := false smsellSignal := false bigbuySignal := false bigsellSignal := false ma1 = sma(close, multiplier(maRes, mal1)) ma2 = sma(close, multiplier(maRes, mal2)) ma3 = sma(close, multiplier(maRes, mal3)) madist1 := abs(ma1 - ma2) madist2 := abs(ma1 - ma3) // check if MA's are fanning/going parabolic if (ma1 >= ma2 and ma2 >= ma3 and madist1[0] > madist1[1]) //and abs(dataB - dataC >= madist2) // dataA must be higher than b, and distance between gaining, same with C count1 := count1 + 1 else count1 := 0 if (ma1 <= ma2 and ma2 <= ma3 and madist1[0] > madist1[1]) //<= madist2 and dataB <= dataC) //and abs(dataB - dataC >= madist2) // dataA must be higher than b, and distance between gaining, same with C count2 := count2 + 1 else count2 := 0 crossoverAB = crossover(ma1, ma2) crossunderAB = crossunder(ma1, ma2) plot(showFIBMAs ? ma1 : na, linewidth=3) plot(showFIBMAs ? ma2 : na) plot(showFIBMAs ? ma3 : na) // Fast Squeese Check WORK IN PROGRESS // float singlePercent = close / 100 if max(madist1, madist2) <= singlePercent*loosePercentClose bgcolor := color.yellow infastsqueeze := true else infastsqueeze := false // IIR MOVING AVERAGE f(a) => a[0] // fixes mutable error iirma(iirlength, iirsrc) => cf = 2*tan(2*3.14159*(1/iirlength)/2) a0 = 8 + 8*cf + 4*pow(cf,2) + pow(cf,3) a1 = -24 - 8*cf + 4*pow(cf,2) + 3*pow(cf,3) a2 = 24 - 8*cf - 4*pow(cf,2) + 3*pow(cf,3) a3 = -8 + 8*cf - 4*pow(cf,2) + pow(cf,3) //---- c = pow(cf,3)/a0 d0 = -a1/a0 d1 = -a2/a0 d2 = -a3/a0 //---- out = 0. out := nz(c*(iirsrc + iirsrc[3]) + 3*c*(iirsrc[1] + iirsrc[2]) + d0*out[1] + d1*out[2] + d2*out[3],iirsrc) f(out) iirma1 = iirma(multiplier(iirRes, iirlength1), close) iirma2 = iirma(multiplier(iirRes, iirlength2), close) iirma3 = iirma(multiplier(iirRes, iirlength3), close) // adjusts length for current resolution now, length is lengthened/shortened accordingly, upholding exact placement of lines // iirmaD1 = security(syminfo.tickerid, tostring(iirRes), iirma1, barmerge.gaps_on, barmerge.lookahead_on) // iirmaD2 = security(syminfo.tickerid, tostring(iirRes), iirma2, barmerge.gaps_on, barmerge.lookahead_on) // iirmaD3 = security(syminfo.tickerid, tostring(iirRes), iirma3, barmerge.gaps_on, barmerge.lookahead_on) slope1color = slope1Green ? color.lime : color.blue slope2color = slope2Green ? color.lime : color.blue slope3color = slope3Green ? color.lime : color.blue plot(showIIR1 and showIIRs ? iirma1 : na, title="IIR1", color=slope1color, linewidth=2, transp=30) plot(showIIR2 and showIIRs ? iirma2 : na, title="IIR2", color=slope2color, linewidth=3, transp=30) plot(showIIR3 and showIIRs ? iirma3 : na, title="IIR3", color=slope3color, linewidth=4, transp=30) // checks slope of IIRs to create a boolean variable and and color it differently if (iirma1[0] >= iirma1[1]) slope1Green := true else slope1Green := false if (iirma2[0] >= iirma2[1]) slope2Green := true else slope2Green := false if (iirma3[0] >= iirma3[1]) slope3Green := true else slope3Green := false // calculate space between IIRs and then if the price jumps above both //float singlePercent = close / 100 // = a single percent var float distIIR1 = na var float distIIR2 = na distIIR1 := abs(iirma1 - iirma2) distIIR2 := abs(iirma1 - iirma3) if (distIIR1[0] < percentClose*singlePercent and close[0] >= iirma1[0]) if close[0] >= iirma2[0] and close[0] >= iirma3[0] bgcolor := color.green insqueeze := true intightsqueeze := true else bgcolor := color.lime insqueeze := true intightsqueeze := false else insqueeze := false intightsqueeze := false // if (true)//sinceSmSignal > 0) // cutting down on fastest MAs noise // sinceSmSignal := sinceSmSignal + 1 // if (crossoverAB) // //checkEntry() // //smbuySignal := true // sinceSmSignal := 0 // if (crossunderAB) // and all NOT greennot (slope1Green and slope2Green and slope3Green) // //checkExit() // //smsellSignal := true // sinceSmSignal := 0 // else // sinceSmSignal := sinceSmSignal + 1 f_draw_infopanel(_x, _y, _line, _text, _color)=> _rep_text = "" for _l = 0 to _line _rep_text := _rep_text + "\n" _rep_text := _rep_text + _text var label _la = na label.delete(_la) _la := label.new( x=_x, y=_y, text=_rep_text, xloc=xloc.bar_time, yloc=yloc.price, color=color.black, style=label.style_labelup, textcolor=_color, size=size.normal) posx = timenow + round(change(time)*60) posy = highest(50) // CONSTRUCTION ZONE // TODO: program way to eliminate noise and false signals // MAYBEDO: program it to differentiate between a moving average bump and a cross // I think the best way would be to calculate the tangent line... OR // Take the slope of both going back a couple bars and if it's close enough, its a bounce off // and an excellent entry signal // program in quickest exit, 2 bars next to eachother both closing under, as to avoid a single wick from // prompting to close the trade // Some other time, have it move SMA up or down depending on whether trending up or down. Then use those MA crosses //THIS CHECKS THE SLOPE FROM CURRENT PRICE TO BACK 10 BARS checkSlope(_series) => (_series[0]/_series[10])*100 // it now returns it as a percentage doNewX = input(true, type=input.bool, title="══════════ Show misc MA Cross Strategy ══════════") iirX = input(13, title="IIRx Length: ", type=input.integer) iirXperiod = input(21, title="IIRx Period/TF: ", type=input.integer) iirX2 = input(144, title="IIRx2 Length: ", type=input.integer) iirX2period = input(233, title="IIRx2 Period/TF: ", type=input.integer) //15 almaXperiod = input(defval=21, title="Alma of IIR1 Period: ", type=input.integer) almaXalpha = input(title="Alma Alpha Value: ", defval=.99, maxval=.99, type=input.float) almaXsigma = input(title="Alma Sigma Value: ", defval=8, type=input.float) iirmaOTF = iirma(multiplier(iirXperiod, iirX), close) iirma2OTF = iirma(multiplier(iirX2period, iirX2), close) smaOTF = alma(iirmaOTF, almaXperiod, almaXalpha, almaXsigma) // maybe dont touch, its precise // I took the ALMA of the IIRMA, and i hope thats not cheating ;) // I could have removed this. the multiplier function adjusts the length to fit the current timeframe while displaying the same // smaXOTF = security(syminfo.tickerid, smaXperiod, smaOTF, barmerge.gaps_on, barmerge.lookahead_on) // iirmaXOTF = security(syminfo.tickerid, iirXperiod, iirmaOTF, barmerge.gaps_on, barmerge.lookahead_on) // iirmaX2OTF = security(syminfo.tickerid, iirX2period, iirma2OTF, barmerge.gaps_on, barmerge.lookahead_on) plot(doNewX ? smaOTF : na, title="FastMA X-Over : ", color=color.blue, linewidth=1, transp=40) plot(doNewX ? iirmaOTF : na, title="IIR MAx : ", color=color.purple, linewidth=1, transp=30) plot(doNewX ? iirma2OTF : na, title="IIR MAx : ", color=color.purple, linewidth=2, transp=20) iirma2Up = iirma2OTF[0] > iirma2OTF[1] // just another slope up/down variable. //calculate spaces between averages distiiralma = abs(iirmaOTF - smaOTF) crossoverFast = crossover(iirmaOTF[0], smaOTF[0]) // and (iirmaOTF[1] <= smaOTF[1]) crossunderFast = crossunder(iirmaOTF[0], smaOTF[0]) // and (iirmaOTF[1] >= smaOTF[1]) if (crossoverFast and iirma2Up == true) // and (count1 != 0))// or close[0] < (lowest(barLookbackPeriod) + singlePercent*3))) // must be at most a few percent up from a recent low. Avoid buying highs :P buySignal := true strategyOpen() // if (slope1Green and slope2Green and slope3Green and infastsqueeze == false) // checkEntry() if (crossunderFast) sellSignal := true checkExit() // I feel like I didn't cite the OG author for this panel correctly. I hope I did, but there are extentions of his/her work in multiple places. // I could have gotten it confused. if (debug) f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 18, "distiiralma from IIR: " + tostring(distiiralma), color.lime) //f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 16, "distiirs: " + tostring(distiirX1), color.lime) f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 14, "Value of iirmaOTF: " + tostring(iirmaOTF), color.lime) f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 6, "slope X: " + tostring(abs(100 - checkSlope(iirmaOTF))), color.lime) f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 12, "value of smaOTF: " + tostring(smaOTF), color.lime) f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 6, "slopeAlma: " + tostring(abs(100 - checkSlope(smaOTF))), color.lime) f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 2, "slopeIIR2 " + tostring(abs(100 - checkSlope(iirma2OTF))), color.lime) f_draw_infopanel(posx, posy, 2, "slopeIIR2 " + tostring(abs(100 - checkSlope(iirma2OTF))), color.lime) // I kept this separate because it discludes the calculations. Its hard to hold a train of thought while fishing for the right section bgcolor(showBackground ? bgcolor : na) plotshape(showSignals ? buySignal : na, location=location.bottom, style=shape.circle, text="", size=size.tiny, color=color.blue, transp=60) plotshape(showSignals ? sellSignal : na, location=location.bottom, style=shape.circle, text="", size=size.tiny, color=color.red, transp=60) plotchar(showSignals and smbuySignal, title="smBuy", location=location.belowbar, char='↑', size=size.tiny, color=color.green, transp=0) plotchar(showSignals and smsellSignal, title="smSell", location=location.abovebar, char='↓', size=size.tiny, color=color.orange, transp=0) // can not display a variable. Can only match the count to a corresponding plotchar // to display a non-constant variable, use the debug box, which was so kindly offered up by our community. plotchar(showCounts and count1==1, title='', char='1', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==2, title='', char='2', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==3, title='', char='3', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==4, title='', char='4', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==5, title='', char='5', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==6, title='', char='6', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==7, title='', char='7', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==8, title='', char='8', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1==9, title='', char='9', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count1>=10, title='', char='$', location=location.belowbar, color=#2c9e2c, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==1, title='', char='1', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==2, title='', char='2', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==3, title='', char='3', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==4, title='', char='4', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==5, title='', char='5', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==6, title='', char='6', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==7, title='', char='7', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==8, title='', char='8', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2==9, title='', char='9', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) plotchar(showCounts and count2>=10, title='', char='$', location=location.abovebar, color=#e91e63, transp=0) showRSIind = input(true, type=input.bool, title="═══════════════════ Show RSI Arrows ═══════════════════") // Get user input rsiSource = input(title="RSI Source", type=input.source, defval=close) rsiLength = input(title="RSI Length", type=input.integer, defval=14) rsiOverbought = input(title="RSI Overbought Level", type=input.integer, defval=80) rsiOversold = input(title="RSI Oversold Level", type=input.integer, defval=20) // Get RSI value rsiValue = rsi(rsiSource, rsiLength) isRsiOB = rsiValue >= rsiOverbought isRsiOS = rsiValue <= rsiOversold // Plot signals to chart plotshape(isRsiOB, title="Overbought", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, transp=0, style=shape.triangledown) plotshape(isRsiOS, title="Oversold", location=location.belowbar, color=color.green, transp=0, style=shape.triangleup) //reset the var variables before new calculations buySignal := false sellSignal := false smbuySignal := false smsellSignal := false bigbuySignal := false bigsellSignal := false