В этой статье подробно объясняется стратегия трендовой торговли, основанная на входе в прорыв и выходе с остановкой потери.
I. Логика стратегии
Основная логика торговли:
Используйте поворотные точки для вычисления высоких и низких уровней.
Принимать длинные позиции, когда цена превышает высокие показатели.
Последнее низкое положение используется в качестве агрессивного стоп-лосса.
Когда появляется более высокий пониженный уровень, уровень потерь остановки траектории повышается.
Это позволяет стратегии улавливать сильные движения тренда после того, как бычье сопротивление прерывается.
II. Преимущества стратегии
Основными преимуществами являются:
Прорывный вход точно фиксирует начало тренда.
Остановка задержки максимизирует получение прибыли и уменьшает снижение.
Уровни стоп-лосса имеют буфер для предотвращения недействительности.
Для предотвращения контратендентных сделок могут быть добавлены фильтры скользящих средних.
III. Потенциальные риски
Однако существуют и некоторые потенциальные риски:
Сигналы прорыва могут задерживаться, вызывая упущенные ранние возможности.
Агрессивные остановки рискуют преждевременным выходом на нормальные ретрасейки.
Необходимо выдерживать давление.
IV. Резюме
В целом, в этой статье объясняется стратегия следования трендам, основанная на прорывах цены и отслеживании стоп-лосса.
/*backtest
start: 2022-09-13 00:00:00
end: 2023-02-03 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
//@version=4
// Revision: 1
// Author: @millerrh
// Strategy: Enter long when recent swing high breaks out, using recent swing low as stop level. Move stops up as higher lows print to act
// as trailing stops. Ride trend as long as it is there and the higher lows aren't breached.
// Conditions/Variables
// 1. Can place a user-defined percentage below swing low and swing high to use as a buffer for your stop to help avoid stop hunts
// 2. Can add a filter to only take setups that are above a user-defined moving average (helps avoid trading counter trend)
// 3. Manually configure which dates to back test
// 4. Color background of backtested dates - allows for easier measuring buy & hold return of time periods that don't go up to current date
// === CALL STRATEGY/STUDY, PROGRAMATICALLY ENTER STRATEGY PARAMETERS HERE SO YOU DON'T HAVE TO CHANGE THEM EVERY TIME YOU RUN A TEST ===
// (STRATEGY ONLY) - Comment out srategy() when in a study()
strategy("Breakout Trend Follower", overlay=true, initial_capital=10000, currency='USD',
default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity, default_qty_value=100, commission_type=strategy.commission.percent, commission_value=0.1)
// (STUDY ONLY) - Comment out study() when in a strategy()
//study("Breakout Trend Follower", overlay=true)
// === BACKTEST RANGE ===
From_Year = input(defval = 2019, title = "From Year")
From_Month = input(defval = 1, title = "From Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
From_Day = input(defval = 1, title = "From Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
To_Year = input(defval = 9999, title = "To Year")
To_Month = input(defval = 1, title = "To Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
To_Day = input(defval = 1, title = "To Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
Start = timestamp(From_Year, From_Month, From_Day, 00, 00) // backtest start window
Finish = timestamp(To_Year, To_Month, To_Day, 23, 59) // backtest finish window
// A switch to control background coloring of the test period - Use for easy visualization of backtest range and manual calculation of
// buy and hold (via measurement) if doing prior periods since value in Strategy Tester extends to current date by default
testPeriodBackground = input(title="Color Background - Test Period?", type=input.bool, defval=false)
testPeriodBackgroundColor = testPeriodBackground and (time >= Start) and (time <= Finish) ? #00FF00 : na
bgcolor(testPeriodBackgroundColor, transp=95)
// == FILTERING ==
// Inputs
useMaFilter = input(title = "Use MA for Filtering?", type = input.bool, defval = true)
maType = input(defval="SMA", options=["EMA", "SMA"], title = "MA Type For Filtering")
maLength = input(defval = 50, title = "MA Period for Filtering", minval = 1)
// Declare function to be able to swap out EMA/SMA
ma(maType, src, length) =>
maType == "EMA" ? ema(src, length) : sma(src, length) //Ternary Operator (if maType equals EMA, then do ema calc, else do sma calc)
maFilter = ma(maType, close, maLength)
plot(maFilter, title = "Trend Filter MA", color = color.green, linewidth = 3, style = plot.style_line, transp = 50)
// Check to see if the useMaFilter check box is checked, this then inputs this conditional "maFilterCheck" variable into the strategy entry
maFilterCheck = if useMaFilter == true
maFilter
else
0
// === PLOT SWING HIGH/LOW AND MOST RECENT LOW TO USE AS STOP LOSS EXIT POINT ===
// Inputs
//pvtLenL = input(3, minval=1, title="Pivot Length Left Hand Side") //use if you want to change this to an input
//pvtLenR = input(3, minval=1, title="Pivot Length Right Hand Side") //use if you want to change this to an input
pvtLenL = 3
pvtLenR = 3
// Get High and Low Pivot Points
pvthi_ = pivothigh(high, pvtLenL, pvtLenR)
pvtlo_ = pivotlow(low, pvtLenL, pvtLenR)
// Force Pivot completion before plotting.
Shunt = 1 //Wait for close before printing pivot? 1 for true 0 for flase
maxLvlLen = 0 //Maximum Extension Length
pvthi = pvthi_[Shunt]
pvtlo = pvtlo_[Shunt]
// Count How many candles for current Pivot Level, If new reset.
counthi = barssince(not na(pvthi))
countlo = barssince(not na(pvtlo))
pvthis = fixnan(pvthi)
pvtlos = fixnan(pvtlo)
hipc = change(pvthis) != 0 ? na : color.maroon
lopc = change(pvtlos) != 0 ? na : color.green
// Display Pivot lines
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or counthi < maxLvlLen) ? pvthis : na, color=hipc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=-pvtLenR-Shunt, title="Top Levels")
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or countlo < maxLvlLen) ? pvtlos : na, color=lopc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=-pvtLenR-Shunt, title="Bottom Levels")
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or counthi < maxLvlLen) ? pvthis : na, color=hipc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=0, title="Top Levels 2")
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or countlo < maxLvlLen) ? pvtlos : na, color=lopc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=0, title="Bottom Levels 2")
// Stop Levels
stopBuff = input(0.0, minval=-2, title="Stop Loss Buffer off Swing Low (%)")
stopPerc = stopBuff*.01 // Turn stop buffer input into a percentage
stopLevel = valuewhen(pvtlo_, low[pvtLenR], 0) //Stop Level at Swing Low
stopLevel2 = stopLevel - stopLevel*stopPerc // Stop Level with user-defined buffer to avoid stop hunts and give breathing room
plot(stopLevel2, style=plot.style_line, color=color.orange, show_last=1, linewidth=1, transp=50, trackprice=true)
buyLevel = valuewhen(pvthi_, high[pvtLenR], 0) //Buy level at Swing High
buyLevel2 = buyLevel + buyLevel*stopPerc // Buy-stop level with user-defined buffer to avoid stop hunts and give breathing room
plot(buyLevel2, style=plot.style_line, color=color.blue, show_last=1, linewidth=1, transp=50, trackprice=true)
// Conditions for entry and exit
buySignal = high > buyLevel2
buy = buySignal and time > Start and time < Finish and buyLevel2 > maFilterCheck // All these conditions need to be met to buy
sellSignal = low < stopLevel2 // Code to act like a stop-loss for the Study
// (STRATEGY ONLY) Comment out for Study
strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long, stop = buyLevel2, when = buyLevel2 > maFilterCheck)
strategy.exit("Exit Long", from_entry = "Long", stop=stopLevel2)
// == (STUDY ONLY) Comment out for Strategy ==
// Check if in position or not
inPosition = bool(na)
inPosition := buy[1] ? true : sellSignal[1] ? false : inPosition[1]
flat = bool(na)
flat := not inPosition
buyStudy = buy and flat
sellStudy = sellSignal and inPosition
//Plot indicators on chart and set up alerts for Study
plotshape(buyStudy, style = shape.triangleup, location = location.belowbar, color = #1E90FF, text = "Buy")
plotshape(sellStudy, style = shape.triangledown, location = location.abovebar, color = #EE82EE, text = "Sell")
alertcondition(buyStudy, title='Trend Change Follower Buy', message='Trend Change Follower Buy')
// Color background when trade active (for easier visual on what charts are OK to enter on)
tradeBackground = input(title="Color Background for Trades?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
tradeBackgroundColor = tradeBackground and inPosition ? #00FF00 : na
bgcolor(tradeBackgroundColor, transp=95)
noTradeBackgroundColor = tradeBackground and flat ? #FF0000 : na
bgcolor(noTradeBackgroundColor, transp=90)