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Estratégia de contra-tendência da média móvel

Autora:ChaoZhang, Data: 2023-10-23 15:31:21
Tags:

Resumo

Esta estratégia utiliza principalmente os princípios das médias móveis para encontrar oportunidades de contra-tendência quando um estoque está sobrevendido no curto prazo. Quando a média móvel rápida está abaixo da média móvel lenta, isso indica que o estoque está em uma tendência de queda. Quando o preço quebra a média móvel rápida por uma certa margem, o lado negativo é limitado e um rebote é provável. Esta estratégia visa capturar tais rebotes de sobrevenda indo longo quando o preço cruza novamente acima da média móvel rápida.

Estratégia lógica

Configure uma média móvel rápida como 8EMA e uma média móvel lenta como 20SMA.
Quando a SMA está acima da EMA, indica uma tendência de alta.
Quando o preço rompe a EMA por uma certa margem (por exemplo, 2-10%), o estoque é supervendido e um rebote é mais provável.
Quando o preço cruza de volta acima da EMA, ele desencadeia um sinal de compra.
A taxa de prejuízo deve ser definida em função da variação da taxa de prejuízo e da variação da taxa de prejuízo.
Liquidação quando o preço cruzar novamente abaixo da EMA.

Vantagens

Utiliza os princípios confiáveis das médias móveis.
A EMA rápida e a margem de sobrevenda melhoram a probabilidade de rebote.
Controlo do risco de stop loss e take profit personalizável.
O dimensionamento flexível das posições adapta-se a diferentes apetites de risco.

Riscos

Os rebotes fracassados podem ocorrer apesar da sobrevenda da margem.
As médias móveis têm atraso e podem perder os saltos locais.
O stop loss perto da EMA pode ser facilmente interrompido pela volatilidade.
É necessário ajustar os parâmetros manualmente, o que afeta muito os resultados.
Os resultados estão correlacionados com a colheita de gado.

Oportunidades de melhoria

Adicionar um filtro de tendência para evitar negociações de contra-tendência.
Adicione o filtro de volume para melhorar a probabilidade.
Considere o stop loss dinâmico em vez do estático.
Pesquisa de parâmetros ideais para reduzir a dependência.
Incorporar a escolha de animais para uma melhor seleção.

Conclusão

A estratégia tem uma lógica clara e é fácil de entender como um sistema típico de reversão da média móvel. As vantagens são estabilidade e controle de risco, tornando-o adequado para iniciantes. Mas ainda carrega o risco de julgar mal os pontos de reversão. Melhorias através de filtros adicionais, paradas dinâmicas, otimização de parâmetros, etc. podem melhorar a robustez.

/*backtest
start: 2022-10-22 00:00:00
end: 2022-12-14 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

//@version=4

// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © MakeMoneyCoESTB2020


//*********************Notes for continued work***************

//************************************************************

//I. Intro
//This strategy is designed to allow you to catch the bounce or "SNAP Back" of a equity that has been in a downward trend.
//Once the moving averages are in the order of 200SMA > 50 SMA > 34EMA > 20SMA > 8EMA, the strategy is setup.
//Next you wait for a trigger of the closing price crossing over the 8EMA, while there is a desired gap size between the 8EMA and the 20SMA (2-10% of stock value preferred).
//Exit position based on target profit reached (conservative sell half at 34EMA and engage a trailing stop loss for remainder or set static limit) or price crosses 8EMA or stop loss%
//*)This code also allows you to determine your desired backtesting date compliments of alanaster
//This code is the product of many hours of hard work on the part of the greater tradingview community.  The credit goes to everyone in the community who has put code out there for the greater good.
//The idea for the coding came from video I watched on YouTube presented by TradeStation called Snap Back - thank you guys for the inspiration.


//UPDATE: I have coded the other side of the strategy to allow you to take advantage of the same set-up in an uptrend for Short plays.  You can turn the up or downsides on, off, or both.

//Happy Hunting!


//II. Table Of Contents
    // 1. Define Strategy Variables
    // 2. Perform Calculations
    // 3. Display Chart Information
    // 4. Determine Entry Conditions
    // 5. Determine Exit Conditions



// 1. Define Strategy Variables*************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

//Title
// strategy("SNAP BACK 2.0 Strategy", shorttitle="SNAP Back 2.0", default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity, default_qty_value=5, initial_capital=20000,slippage=2, currency=currency.USD, overlay=true)

//Define calculations price source
price = input(title="Price Source", defval=close)

//Define Trade Agression Level
aggro=input(title="Aggressive = 0, Conservative = 1", defval=0, options=[0, 1])

//Define Gap percentage allowed between 8EMA and 20SMA
GAP=input(title="Gap% between 8EMA & 20SMA", defval=2, minval=0, maxval=25, step=1)/100

//Does user want to run the Strategy for Trending Up or Trending Down
RunTrend=input(title="Run Strategy Trending Up, Down, or Both", defval="Up", options=["Up", "Down", "Both"])

//Initialize  8/34EMA  20/50/200/200SMA 
SH_EMA_length= input(title="SH EMA Length", defval=8) //short EMA length
MD_EMA_length= input(title="MD EMA Length", defval=34) //medium EMA length

SH_SMA_length= input(title="SH SMA Length", defval=20) //short SMA length
MD_SMA_length= input(title="LG SMA Length", defval=50) //medium SMA length
LG_SMA_length= input(title="SH SMA Length", defval=200) //long SMA length

SH_EMA=ema(price, SH_EMA_length) //short EMA 
MD_EMA=ema(price, MD_EMA_length) //medium EMA
SH_SMA=sma(price, SH_SMA_length) //short SMA 
MD_SMA=sma(price, MD_SMA_length) //medium SMA
LG_SMA=sma(price, LG_SMA_length) //long SMA

// 2. Perform Calculations*************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

// ************************************ INPUT BACKTEST RANGE ******************************************=== coutesy of alanaster
fromMonth = input(defval = 4,    title = "From Month",      type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 12)
fromDay   = input(defval = 1,    title = "From Day",        type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 31)
fromYear  = input(defval = 2020, title = "From Year",       type = input.integer, minval = 1970)
thruMonth = input(defval = 1,    title = "Thru Month",      type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 12)
thruDay   = input(defval = 1,    title = "Thru Day",        type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 31)
thruYear  = input(defval = 2112, title = "Thru Year",       type = input.integer, minval = 1970)

// === INPUT SHOW PLOT ===
showDate  = input(defval = true, title = "Show Date Range", type = input.bool)

// === FUNCTION EXAMPLE ===
start     = timestamp(fromYear, fromMonth, fromDay, 00, 00)        // backtest start window
finish    = timestamp(thruYear, thruMonth, thruDay, 23, 59)        // backtest finish window
window()  => true       // create function "within window of time"

bgcolor(color = showDate and window() ? color.gray : na, transp = 90) 


// 3. Display Chart Information*************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

//plot EMAs
plot(SH_EMA, title = "SH EMA", color = color.blue)
plot(MD_EMA, title = "MD EMA", color = color.yellow)

//plot SMAs
plot(SH_SMA, title = "SH SMA", color = color.green)
plot(MD_SMA, title = "MD SMA", color = color.orange)
plot(LG_SMA, title = "LG SMA", color = color.red, linewidth = 4, transp = 70)


// 4. Determine Entry Conditions*************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

//Determine if SNAP Back (SB) setup is present: 
SB_RB_Up= false //SB_RB_Up = Snap Back RainBow for an Uptrend Swing
SB_RB_Up:= iff(LG_SMA>MD_SMA and MD_SMA>MD_EMA and MD_EMA>SH_SMA and SH_SMA>SH_EMA, true, false) //is the 200SMA > 50 SMA > 34EMA > 20SMA > 8EMA 
// plotshape(SB_RB, title= "SB_RB", color=color.black, style=shape.cross, text="Rainbow")   //for testing only
SB_RB_DWN= false //SB_RB_DWN = Snap Back RainBow for a Downtrend Swing
SB_RB_DWN:= iff(LG_SMA<MD_SMA and MD_SMA<MD_EMA and MD_EMA<SH_SMA and SH_SMA<SH_EMA, true, false) //is the 200SMA < 50 SMA < 34EMA < 20SMA < 8EMA 


SB_Gap=false
SB_Gap:= iff(abs(SH_SMA-SH_EMA)>(price*GAP), true, false) //is there a greater than "GAP"% of the price gap between the 8EMA and 20SMA

SB_SetUp_Up=false
SB_SetUp_Up:= iff(SB_RB_Up and SB_Gap, true, false)//Uptrend Setup both conditions must be true
//plotshape(SB_SetUp, title= "SB_SetUp", color=color.white, style=shape.diamond, text="Set Up")  //for testing
SB_SetUp_DWN=false
SB_SetUp_DWN:= iff(SB_RB_DWN and SB_Gap, true, false)//Downtrend Setup both conditions must be true

//Determine trigger (TGR) for entry
SB_TGR_Up=false
SB_TGR_Up:= iff(iff(aggro==0, crossover(price, SH_EMA), true) and iff(aggro==1, crossover(price[aggro],SH_EMA) and price>open[aggro], true), true, false) //if the price crosses over the 8EMA that is our entry signal, aggro determines how aggressively we enter the position (wait for a confirmaiton bar or not)
SB_TGR_DWN=false
SB_TGR_DWN:= iff(iff(aggro==0, crossunder(price, SH_EMA), true) and iff(aggro==1, crossunder(price[aggro],SH_EMA) and price<open[aggro], true), true, false) //if the price crosses under the 8EMA that is our entry signal, aggro determines how aggressively we enter the position (wait for a confirmaiton bar or not)

//Determine when to run the strategy based on user input for uptrend or downtrend
RunTrendUp=false //Varibile for running the Strategy in an UpTrend
RunTrendUp:= iff(RunTrend == "Up" or RunTrend == "Both", true, false)

RunTrendDWN=false //Varibile for running the Strategy in a DownTrend
RunTrendDWN:= iff(RunTrend == "Down" or RunTrend == "Both", true, false)

//Determine full buy conditions
MAbuy=false//long entry variable
MAbuy := iff(SB_SetUp_Up and SB_TGR_Up and RunTrendUp, true, false) //when both the setup, the trigger, and RunTrend are true return true
plotshape(MAbuy, title= "HC-LB", color=color.lime, style=shape.circle, text="HC-LB")
strategy.entry("HC-Long", strategy.long, comment="HC-Long", when = MAbuy and window())

MAsell=false//short entry variable
MAsell := iff(SB_SetUp_DWN and SB_TGR_DWN and RunTrendDWN, true, false) //when both the setup, the trigger, and RunTrend are true return true
plotshape(MAsell, title= "HC-SB", color=color.purple, style=shape.circle, text="HC-SB")
strategy.entry("HC-Short", strategy.short, comment="HC-Short", when = MAsell and window())



// 5. Submit Profit and Loss Exit Calculations Orders*************************************************************************************************************************************************************************

//Stop Criteria
StpCri=input(title="Stop Criteria: SL or SH_EMA", defval="SL", options=["SL", "SH_EMA"])
//Profit Criteria
ProCri=input(title="Profit Criteria: TGT% or MD_EMA", defval="TGT%", options=["TGT%", "MD_EMA"])

// User Options to Change Inputs (%)
TrailPerc = input(title="Trail Loss %", type=input.float, minval=0, step=1, defval=6) /100
stopPer = input(4, title='Stop Loss %', type=input.float) / 100
takePer = input(6, title='Take Profit %', type=input.float) / 100

//Percent of SH_EMA to use for StopLoss
SH_EMA_percent = input(96, title="% of SH_EMA for Stop")/100
//Percent of MD_EMA to use for Take Profit
MD_EMA_percent = input(100, title="% of MD_EMA for Profit")/100

//calculate Trail stop price for MD_EMA TGT% condition
longStopPrice=0.0//long side entry stop variable
longStopPrice := if (strategy.position_size > 0)
    stopValue = close * (1 - TrailPerc)  
    max(stopValue, longStopPrice[1])
else
    0
    
shortStopPrice=0.0//short side entry stop variable
shortStopPrice := if (strategy.position_size < 0)
    shortStopValue = close * (1 + TrailPerc)  
    min(shortStopValue, shortStopPrice[1])
else
    999999 
    

// Determine where you've entered and in what direction
longStop = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - stopPer)
shortStop = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + stopPer)
shortTake = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - takePer)
longTake = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + takePer)



//exit position conditions and orders
if strategy.position_size > 0 //long side exit conditions
    if StpCri=="SL" and ProCri=="TGT%"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Long", when = window(), stop=longStop, limit=longTake)// sell when either the TGT or the SL is hit
    if StpCri=="SL" and ProCri=="MD_EMA"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Long (50%)", when = window(), stop=longStop, limit=MD_EMA_percent*MD_EMA, qty_percent=50)// sell 50% when MD_EMA hit or SL then transition to a trailing stop loss
        strategy.exit(id="Close Long Trailing Stop", when = window(), stop=longStopPrice, qty_percent=100)
    if StpCri=="SH_EMA" and ProCri=="MD_EMA"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Long (50%)", when = window(), stop=SH_EMA*SH_EMA_percent, limit=MD_EMA_percent*MD_EMA, qty_percent=50)// sell 50% when MD_EMA hit or SH_EMA hit then transition to a trailing stop loss
        strategy.exit(id="Close Long Trailing Stop", when = window(), stop=longStopPrice, qty_percent=100)
    if StpCri=="SH_EMA" and ProCri=="TGT%"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Long", when = window(), stop=SH_EMA*SH_EMA_percent, limit=longTake)// sell when either the TGT or the SH_EMA is hit
        
        
if strategy.position_size < 0 //short side exit conditions
    if StpCri=="SL" and ProCri=="TGT%"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Short", when = window(), stop=shortStop, limit=shortTake)// sell when either the TGT or the SL is hit
    if StpCri=="SL" and ProCri=="MD_EMA"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Short (50%)", when = window(), stop=shortStop, limit=(2-MD_EMA_percent)*MD_EMA, qty_percent=50)// sell 50% when MD_EMA hit or SL then transition to a trailing stop loss
        strategy.exit(id="Close Short Trailing Stop", when = window(), stop=shortStopPrice, qty_percent=100)
    if StpCri=="SH_EMA" and ProCri=="MD_EMA"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Short (50%)", when = window(), stop=SH_EMA*(2-SH_EMA_percent), limit=(2-MD_EMA_percent)*MD_EMA, qty_percent=50)// sell 50% when MD_EMA hit or SH_EMA hit then transition to a trailing stop loss
        strategy.exit(id="Close Short Trailing Stop", when = window(), stop=shortStopPrice, qty_percent=100)
    if StpCri=="SH_EMA" and ProCri=="TGT%"
        strategy.exit(id="Close Short", when = window(), stop=SH_EMA*(2-SH_EMA_percent), limit=shortTake)// sell when either the TGT or the SH_EMA is hit



// Plot stop trailing loss values for confirmation
plot(series=(strategy.position_size > 0 and (ProCri == "MD_EMA")) ? longStopPrice : na, color=color.fuchsia, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Long Trail Stop") //plot the trailing stop on the chart for an uptrend
plot(series=(strategy.position_size < 0 and (ProCri == "MD_EMA")) ? shortStopPrice : na, color=color.fuchsia, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the trailing stop on the chart for a downtrend

//plot fixed stop loss value
plot(series=(strategy.position_size > 0 and (StpCri == "SL")) ? longStop : na, color=color.fuchsia, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Long Trail Stop") //plot the stop on the chart for an uptrend
plot(series=(strategy.position_size < 0 and (StpCri == "SL")) ? shortStop : na, color=color.fuchsia, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the stop on the chart for a downtrend

//plot highlight of SH_EMA% used for stop exit condition
plot(series=(strategy.position_size > 0 and (StpCri == "SH_EMA")) ? SH_EMA*SH_EMA_percent : na, color=color.fuchsia, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the SH_EMA based stop on the chart for a uptrend
plot(series=(strategy.position_size < 0 and (StpCri == "SH_EMA")) ? SH_EMA*(2-SH_EMA_percent) : na, color=color.fuchsia, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the SH_EMA based stop on the chart for a downtrend

//plot the TGT profit points
plot(series=(strategy.position_size > 0 and (ProCri == "TGT%")) ? longTake : na, color=color.lime, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the TGT% for long position
plot(series=(strategy.position_size > 0 and (ProCri == "MD_EMA")) ? MD_EMA_percent*MD_EMA : na, color=color.lime, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the MD_EMA % TGT for long position
plot(series=(strategy.position_size < 0 and (ProCri == "TGT%")) ? shortTake : na, color=color.lime, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the TGT% for short position
plot(series=(strategy.position_size < 0 and (ProCri == "MD_EMA")) ? (2-MD_EMA_percent)*MD_EMA : na, color=color.lime, style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=2, title="Short Trail Stop") //plot the MD_EMA % TGT for short position

Mais.